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Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) composite electrode for the simultaneous determination of vitamins B2 and B6 in pharmaceutical samples

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Abstract

A lab-made affordable composite electrode based on acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and graphite was developed and applied for the simultaneous determination of vitamins B2 (riboflavin, VB2) and B6 (pyridoxine, VB6) in pharmaceutical samples. Different ABS-graphite composite electrodes (AGCE) were prepared in proportions ranging from 40 to 80% (graphite, m/m) and characterized by a many complimentary techniques such as thermogravimetry (TG), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed for analytical purposes, being several parameters investigated to determine the optimum experimental conditions. Best performance was obtained using as electrolyte 0.1 mol L−1 acetate buffer solution (pH 4.0), with a pulse amplitude of 100 mV, a scan increment of 5 mV, a modulation of time of 0.05 s, and a time interval of 0.5 s, resulting in a scanning rate of 10 mV s−1. The use of a 70% AGCE electrode under optimized conditions provided as linear responses for VB2 and VB6 intervals from 0.25 to 1.2 μmol L−1 (r = 0.997), and from 25 to 454 μmol L−1 (r = 0.989), respectively, with limits of detection of 0.15 μmol L−1 for VB2 and 10 μmol L−1 for VB6. The AGCE presented satisfactory results for the simultaneous determination of VB2 and VB6 in commercially available tablets, with recoveries between 99.5 and 98.0%, being those statistically compatible to those found by a reference spectrophotometric procedure.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are indebted to the Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support in the State of Rio de Janeiro (Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro–FAPERJ, E–26/102.971/2012 and E–26/111.407/2013) and to the Commission for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Comissão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Nível Superior-CAPES) for the research support; to Prof. Marcelo Camargo Severo de Macedo (UFES); to the Laboratory for NMR and Petrophysics Applications (UFF–LAR) for the use of the SEM; to the Reactors, Kinetics and Catalysis research laboratory (Laborátorio de Reatores, Cinética e Catálise–RECAT) for the use of the TG; to the Group of Electrochemistry and New Materials (Grupo de Eletroquímica e Novos Materiais–GENMAT) located at the Federal Mato Grosso University (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso–UFMT) for the use of the potentiostat and to the Solid State Experimental Physics research laboratory (LEFES) for the use of the Raman spectrometer, both located at the Federal Fluminense University (Universidade Federal Fluminense–UFF).

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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  1. Grupo de Eletroquímica e Eletroanalítica (G E), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, CEP 24020-141, Brazil

    Grasielli C. de Oliveira, Lucas C. Pereira, Ana L. Silva, Felipe S. Semaan & Eduardo A. Ponzio

  2. Grupo de Eletroanalítica e Novos Materiais (GENMAT), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil

    Marilza Castilho

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  1. Grasielli C. de Oliveira
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de Oliveira, G.C., Pereira, L.C., Silva, A.L. et al. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) composite electrode for the simultaneous determination of vitamins B2 and B6 in pharmaceutical samples. J Solid State Electrochem 22, 1607–1619 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-3897-z

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