Abstract
This study tests the hypothesis that taurine supplementation reduces sugar-induced increases in renal sympathetic nerve activity related to renin release in adult male rats. After weaning, male rats were fed normal rat chow and drank water containing 5% glucose (CG) or water alone (CW) throughout the experiment. At 6–7 weeks of age, each group was supplemented with or without 3% taurine in drinking water until the end of experiment. At 7–8 weeks of age, blood chemistry and renal nerve activity were measured in anesthetized rats. Body weights slightly and significantly increased in CG compared to CW groups but were not significantly affected by taurine supplementation. Plasma electrolytes except bicarbonate, plasma creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were not significantly different among the four groups. Mean arterial pressure significantly increased in both taurine treated groups compared to CW, while heart rates were not significantly different among the four groups. Further, all groups displayed similar renal nerve firing frequencies at rest and renal nerve responses to sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine infusion. However, compared to CW group, CG significantly increased the power density of renin release-related frequency component, decreased that of sodium excretion-related frequency component, and decreased that of renal blood flow-related frequency component. Taurine supplementation completely abolished the effect of high sugar intake on renal sympathetic activity patterns. These data indicate that in adult male rats, high sugar intake alters the pattern but not firing frequency of sympathetic nerve activity to control renal function, and this effect can be improved by taurine supplementation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- BSRA-PE:
-
Baroreflex sensitivity control of renal nerve activity measured by phenylephrine infusion
- BSRA-SNP:
-
Baroreflex sensitivity control of renal nerve activity measured by sodium nitroprusside infusion
- BUN:
-
Blood urea nitrogen
- CG + T:
-
Control with high sugar intake plus taurine
- CG:
-
Control with high sugar intake
- Cr:
-
Plasma creatinine
- CW + T:
-
Control with water intake plus taurine
- CW:
-
Control with water intake alone
- RVLM:
-
Rostral ventrolateral medulla
References
Amano M, Kubo T (1993) Involvement of both GABAA and GABAB receptors in tonic inhibitory control of blood pressure at the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the rat. Naunyn Schmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol 348:146–153
Anuradha CV, Balakrishnan SD (1999) Taurine attenuates hypertension and improves insulin sensitivity in the fructose-fed rat, an animal model of insulin resistance. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 77:749–754
Bardgett ME, McCarthy JJ, Stocker SD (2010) Glutamatergic receptor activation in the rostral ventrolateral medulla mediates the sympathoexcitatory response to hyperinsulinemia. Hypertension 55:284–290
Cassaglia PA, Hermes SM, Aicher SA, Brooks VL (2011) Insulin acts in the arcuate nucleus to increase lumbar sympathetic nerve activity and baroreflex function in rats. J Physiol 589:1643–1662
Cassaglia PA, Shi Z, Brooks VL (2016) Insulin increases sympathetic nerve activity in part by suppression of tonic inhibitory neuropeptide Y inputs into the paraventricular nucleus in female rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 311:R97–R103
DiBona GF (2005a) Dynamic analysis of patterns of renal sympathetic nerve activity: implications for renal function. Exp Physiol 90:159–161
DiBona GF (2005b) Physiology in perspective: the wisdom of the body. Neural control of the kidney. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289:R633–R641
Ding ZQ, Li YW, Wesselingh SL, Blessing WW (1993) Transneuronal labelling of neurons in rabbit brain after injection of herpes simplex virus type 1 into the renal nerve. J Auton Nerv Syst 42:23–31
Friis UG et al (2013) Regulation of renin secretion by renal juxtaglomerular cells. Pflugers Arch 465:25–37
Fujita T, Sato Y (1988) Hypotensive effect of taurine. Possible involvement of the sympathetic nervous system and endogenous opiates. J Clin Invest 82:993–997
Fujita T, Sato Y, Ando K (1986) Changes in cardiac and hypothalamic noradrenergic activity with taurine in DOCA-salt rats. Am J Phys 251:H926–H933
Huxtable RJ (1992) Physiological actions of taurine. Physiol Rev 72:101–163
Jayalath VH et al (2015) Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and incident hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 102:914–921
Johns EJ, Kopp UC, DiBona GF (2011) Neural control of renal function. Compr Physiol 1:731–767
Klein AV, Kiat H (2015) The mechanisms underlying fructose-induced hypertension: a review. J Hypertens 33:912–920
Lupa K, Tarnecki R, Gagola J, Pencula M, Niechaj A (2005) Synchronized activity of renal neurons and their pattern of discharge in rabbits. Auton Neurosci 121:1–6
Nandhini AT, Thirunavukkarasu V, Anuradha CV (2004) Potential role of kinins in the effects of taurine in high-fructose-fed rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 82:1–8
Nishi EE, Bergamaschi CT, Campos RR (2015) The crosstalk between the kidney and the central nervous system: the role of renal nerves in blood pressure regulation. Exp Physiol 100:479–484
Papademetriou V, Rashidi AA, Tsioufis C, Doumas M (2014) Renal nerve ablation for resistant hypertension: how did we get here, present status, and future directions. Circulation 129:1440–1451
Roysommuti S, Wyss JM (2014) Perinatal taurine exposure affects adult arterial pressure control. Amino Acids 46:57–72
Roysommuti S, Khongnakha T, Jirakulsomchok D, Wyss JM (2002) Excess dietary glucose alters renal function before increasing arterial pressure and inducing insulin resistance. Am J Hypertens 15:773–779
Roysommuti S, Suwanich A, Jirakulsomchok D, Wyss JM (2009) Perinatal taurine depletion increases susceptibility to adult sugar-induced hypertension in rats. Adv Exp Med Biol 643:123–133
Roysommuti S, Thaeomor A, Khimsuksri S, Lerdweeraphon W, Wyss JM (2013) Perinatal taurine imbalance alters the interplay of renin-angiotensin system and estrogen on glucose-insulin regulation in adult female rats. Adv Exp Med Biol 776:67–80
Schlaich MP et al (2013) International expert consensus statement: Percutaneous transluminal renal denervation for the treatment of resistant hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 62:2031–2045
Schramm LP, Strack AM, Platt KB, Loewy AD (1993) Peripheral and central pathways regulating the kidney: a study using pseudorabies virus. Brain Res 616:251–262
Sturman JA (1993) Taurine in development. Physiol Rev 73:119–147
Suwanich A, Wyss JM, Roysommuti S (2013) Taurine supplementation in spontaneously hypertensive rats: advantages and limitations for human applications. World J Cardiol 5:404–409
Thaeomor A, Wyss JM, Jirakulsomchok D, Roysommuti S (2010) High sugar intake via the renin-angiotensin system blunts the baroreceptor reflex in adult rats that were perinatally depleted of taurine. J Biomed Sci 17(Suppl 1):S30
Thaeomor A, Wyss JM, Schaffer SW, Punjaruk W, Vijitjaroen K, Roysommuti S (2013) High sugar intake blunts arterial baroreflex via estrogen receptors in perinatal taurine supplemented rats. Adv Exp Med Biol 775:437–448
Tran LT, Yuen VG, McNeill JH (2009) The fructose-fed rat: a review on the mechanisms of fructose-induced insulin resistance and hypertension. Mol Cell Biochem 332:145–159
Xi B et al (2015) Sugar-sweetened beverages and risk of hypertension and CVD: a dose-response meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 113:709–717
Yamori Y, Taguchi T, Hamada A, Kunimasa K, Mori H, Mori M (2010) Taurine in health and diseases: consistent evidence from experimental and epidemiological studies. J Biomed Sci 17(Suppl 1):S6
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by grants from the Development and Promotion of Science and Technology Talents Project (DPST) and the Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Rakmanee, S., Kulthinee, S., Wyss, J.M., Roysommuti, S. (2017). Taurine Supplementation Reduces Renal Nerve Activity in Male Rats in which Renal Nerve Activity was Increased by a High Sugar Diet. In: Lee, DH., Schaffer, S.W., Park, E., Kim, H.W. (eds) Taurine 10. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 975. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-024-1077-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-024-1079-2
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)