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Pharmacogenomics in Drug Development

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Genomics and Proteomics for Clinical Discovery and Development

Part of the book series: Translational Bioinformatics ((TRBIO,volume 6))

Abstract

Pharmacogenomics is the study on how variations in human genetics are influencing drug response. This includes variability in DNA and RNA like single nucleotide polymorphisms, gene duplications, epigenetics and gene expression. Extensive interindividual differences in drug response and toxicity are observed in most disease areas and pharmacogenomics is one of the factors leading to this variability. In drug development, understanding the pharmacogenetic impact on pharmacokinetics of new development compounds is important to properly design clinical studies and to optimize the treatment paradigm for specific patient populations. Drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters, that are key determinants of drug disposition, are commonly polymorphic. Dosing of drugs to individuals carrying a polymorphic allele encoding a reduced or increased metabolic/transport activity may lead to altered plasma and/or organ concentrations of the compound thereby leading to lack of efficacy or adverse drug reactions. This chapter is focused on pharmacogenetic factors that influence the pharmacokinetics of drugs with examples from therapies in the cancer, analgesia and cardiovascular areas.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Drug Metabolism, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark

    Lena Gustavsson

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  1. Lena Gustavsson
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Correspondence to Lena Gustavsson .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Protein Science & Imaging, Biomedical Center, Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Center D13, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    György Marko-Varga

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Gustavsson, L. (2014). Pharmacogenomics in Drug Development. In: Marko-Varga, G. (eds) Genomics and Proteomics for Clinical Discovery and Development. Translational Bioinformatics, vol 6. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9202-8_11

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