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Effect of Nutrient Enrichment on Metal Accumulation and Biological Responses of Duckweed (Lemnaceae) Spread in Turkey

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Plants, Pollutants and Remediation

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Abstract

Wetlands have been proposed as sites for the phytoremediation of metals. The fate of metals within plant tissues is a critical issue for the effectiveness of this process. This study was intended to test the hypothesis that nutrient enrichment (P, NO3 −-N and SO4 2−) enhances the metal tolerance and biological responses of floating macrophytes. To test this hypothesis, duckweed species which spread in Turkey (Lemna minor L., Lemna gibba L., Lemna trisulca L., Lemna turionifera Landolt and Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid.) were exposed to heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cd) in the absence and presence of nutrients for 7 days under laboratory conditions. Metal accumulation, relative growth rates (RGR) and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a) were measured. It was determined that metal and nutrient concentration in water decreased throughout the experiments. The highest Pb accumulation was seen at a dose of 50 mg l−1 in L. gibba (22,596 μg g−1), after 7 days. Relative growth rates were negatively correlated with metal exposure, but nutrient addition was found to suppress this effect. Photosynthetic pigment level was found to be negatively correlated with metal exposure, and nutrient addition attenuated chlorophyll decrease in response to metal exposure. Levels of chl a decreased in a Pb concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner, with a minimum value of 0.386 mg g−1 in the 50 mg l−1 on L. gibba. The study concluded that nutrient enrichment increases the tolerance of duckweeds to metals. However, it was determined that nutrient enrichment decreased metal accumulation at 5 mg l−1 nutrient addition. Our finding may be useful for the phytoremediation of water polluted with heavy metals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07058, Turkey

    Ahmet Aksoy

  2. Faculty of Science and Arts Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Nevsehir University, 50300, Nevsehir, Turkey

    Zeliha Leblebici

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  1. Ahmet Aksoy
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  2. Zeliha Leblebici
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Correspondence to Zeliha Leblebici .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Botany Department and Center for Environmental Studies, Ege University Bornova, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey

    Münir Öztürk

  2. Pakistan Academy of Science, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Ashraf

  3. Department of Biology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey

    Ahmet Aksoy

  4. University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Dept. Botany, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    M. S. A. Ahmad

  5. Universiti Putra Malaysia Faculty of Forestry, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Khalid Rehman Hakeem

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Aksoy, A., Leblebici, Z. (2015). Effect of Nutrient Enrichment on Metal Accumulation and Biological Responses of Duckweed (Lemnaceae) Spread in Turkey. In: Öztürk, M., Ashraf, M., Aksoy, A., Ahmad, M., Hakeem, K. (eds) Plants, Pollutants and Remediation. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7194-8_14

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