Skip to main content

Regulation of Post-Golgi Traffic of G Protein-Coupled Receptors

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
GPCR Signalling Complexes – Synthesis, Assembly, Trafficking and Specificity

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 63))

Abstract

Anterograde trafficking of newly synthesized G protein-coupled ­receptors (GPCRs) from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface represents a crucial checkpoint in controlling the amount of the functional receptors at the cell surface and the strength of signaling initiated by the receptors. In contrast to the extensively studied, well-understood endocytic and recycling pathways, the molecular mechanisms underlying the cell-surface targeting of the receptors remain poorly defined. In this chapter, I will discuss current advances in understanding post-Golgi transport of GPCRs by focusing on specific motifs or sequences that may function as sorting signals regulating export from the Golgi and subsequent transport to the plasma membrane of GPCRs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Achour L, Labbe-Jullie C, Scott MG, Marullo S (2008) An escort for GPCRs: implications for regulation of receptor density at the cell surface. Trends Pharmacol Sci 29(10):528–535. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.07.009, pii:S0165-6147(08)00169-7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Angelotti T, Daunt D, Shcherbakova OG, Kobilka B, Hurt CM (2010) Regulation of G-protein coupled receptor traffic by an evolutionary conserved hydrophobic signal. Traffic 11(4):560–578. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2010.01033.x, pii:TRA1033

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bonifacino JS, Lippincott-Schwartz J (2003) Coat proteins: shaping membrane transport. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4(5):409–414. doi:10.1038/nrm1099, pii:nrm1099

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bonifacino JS, Traub LM (2003) Signals for sorting of transmembrane proteins to endosomes and lysosomes. Annu Rev Biochem 72:395–447. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161800, pii:121801.161800

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boucher R, Larkin H, Brodeur J, Gagnon H, Theriault C, Lavoie C (2008) Intracellular trafficking of LRP9 is dependent on two acidic cluster/dileucine motifs. Histochem Cell Biol 130(2):315–327. doi:10.1007/s00418-008-0436-5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bouschet T, Martin S, Henley JM (2008) Regulation of calcium-sensing-receptor trafficking and cell-surface expression by GPCRs and RAMPs. Trends Pharmacol Sci 29(12):633–639. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.09.002, pii:S0165-6147(08)00208-3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carrel D, Hamon M, Darmon M (2006) Role of the C-terminal di-leucine motif of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B serotonin receptors in plasma membrane targeting. J Cell Sci 119(Pt 20):4276–4284. doi:10.1242/jcs.03189, pii:jcs.03189

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen HJ, Yuan J, Lobel P (1997) Systematic mutational analysis of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor cytoplasmic domain. An acidic cluster containing a key aspartate is important for function in lysosomal enzyme sorting. J Biol Chem 272(11):7003–7012. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.11.7003

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conn PM, Ulloa-Aguirre A, Ito J, Janovick JA (2007) G protein-coupled receptor trafficking in health and disease: lessons learned to prepare for therapeutic mutant rescue in vivo. Pharmacol Rev 59(3):225–250. doi:10.1124/pr.59.3.2, pii:59/3/225

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deretic D, Huber LA, Ransom N, Mancini M, Simons K, Papermaster DS (1995) Rab8 In retinal photoreceptors may participate in rhodopsin transport and in rod outer segment disk morphogenesis. J Cell Sci 108(Pt 1):215–224

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deretic D, Williams AH, Ransom N, Morel V, Hargrave PA, Arendt A (2005) Rhodopsin C terminus, the site of mutations causing retinal disease, regulates trafficking by binding to ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(9):3301–3306. doi:10.1073/pnas.0500095102, pii:0500095102

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dong C, Wu G (2006) Regulation of anterograde transport of alpha2-adrenergic receptors by the N termini at multiple intracellular compartments. J Biol Chem 281(50):38543–38554. doi:10.1074/jbc.M605734200, pii:M605734200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dong C, Wu G (2007) Regulation of anterograde transport of adrenergic and angiotensin II receptors by Rab2 and Rab6 GTPases. Cell Signal 19(11):2388–2399. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.07.017, pii:S0898-6568(07)00234-3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dong C, Filipeanu CM, Duvernay MT, Wu G (2007) Regulation of G protein-coupled receptor export trafficking. Biochim Biophys Acta 1768(4):853–870. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.09.008, pii:S-2736(06)00351-8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dong C, Yang L, Zhang X, Gu H, Lam ML, Claycomb WC, Xia H, Wu G (2010a) Rab8 Interacts with distinct motifs in {alpha}2B- and {beta}2-adrenergic receptors and differentially modulates their transport. J Biol Chem 285(26):20369–20380. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.081521, pii:M109.081521

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dong C, Zhang X, Zhou F, Dou H, Duvernay MT, Zhang P, Wu G (2010b) ADP-ribosylation factors modulate the cell surface transport of G protein-coupled receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 333(1):174–183. doi:10.1124/jpet.109.161489, pii:jpet.109.161489

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dong C, Nichols CD, Guo J, Huang W, Lambert NA, Wu G (2012) A triple Arg motif modulates a2B-adrenergic receptor interaction with sec 24C/D and export. Traffic 13(6):857–868

    Google Scholar 

  • Duvernay MT, Zhou F, Wu G (2004) A conserved motif for the transport of G protein-coupled receptors from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. J Biol Chem 279(29):30741–30750. doi:10.1074/jbc.M313881200, pii:M313881200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duvernay MT, Wang H, Dong C, Guidry JJ, Sackett DL, Wu G (2011) {Alpha}2B-adrenergic receptor interaction with tubulin controls its transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. J Biol Chem 286(16):14080–14089. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.222323, pii:M111.222323

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Filipeanu CM, Zhou F, Claycomb WC, Wu G (2004) Regulation of the cell surface expression and function of angiotensin II type 1 receptor by Rab1-mediated endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transport in cardiac myocytes. J Biol Chem 279(39):41077–41084. doi:10.1074/jbc.M405988200, pii:M405988200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Filipeanu CM, Zhou F, Fugetta EK, Wu G (2006) Differential regulation of the cell-surface targeting and function of beta- and alpha1-adrenergic receptors by Rab1 GTPase in cardiac myocytes. Mol Pharmacol 69(5):1571–1578. doi:10.1124/mol.105.019984, pii:mol.105.019984

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grosshans BL, Ortiz D, Novick P (2006) Rabs and their effectors: achieving specificity in membrane traffic. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(32):11821–11827. doi:10.1073/pnas.0601617103, pii:0601617103

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hague C, Chen Z, Pupo AS, Schulte NA, Toews ML, Minneman KP (2004) The N terminus of the human alpha1D-adrenergic receptor prevents cell surface expression. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 309(1):388–397. doi:10.1124/jpet.103.060509, pii:jpet.103.060509

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanyaloglu AC, von Zastrow M (2007) A novel sorting sequence in the beta2-adrenergic receptor switches recycling from default to the Hrs-dependent mechanism. J Biol Chem 282(5):3095–3104. doi:10.1074/jbc.M605398200, pii:M605398200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanyaloglu AC, von Zastrow M (2008) Regulation of GPCRs by endocytic membrane trafficking and its potential implications. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 48:537–568. doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.48.113006.094830

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heilker R, Manning-Krieg U, Zuber JF, Spiess M (1996) In vitro binding of clathrin adaptors to sorting signals correlates with endocytosis and basolateral sorting. EMBO J 15(11):2893–2899

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hirst J, Lui WWY, Bright NA, Totty N, Seaman MNJ, Robinson MS (2000) A family of proteins with {gamma}-adaptin and VHS domains that facilitate trafficking between the trans-Golgi network and the vacuole/lysosome. J Cell Biol 149(1):67–80. doi:10.1083/jcb.149.1.67

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hou JC, Suzuki N, Pessin JE, Watson RT (2006) A specific dileucine motif is required for the GGA-dependent entry of newly synthesized insulin-responsive aminopeptidase into the ­insulin-responsive compartment. J Biol Chem 281(44):33457–33466. doi:10.1074/jbc.M601583200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunziker W, Fumey C (1994) A di-leucine motif mediates endocytosis and basolateral sorting of macrophage IgG Fc receptors in MDCK cells. EMBO J 13(13):2963–2969

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson KF, Kornfeld S (1992) The cytoplasmic tail of the mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor-II receptor has two signals for lysosomal enzyme sorting in the Golgi. J Cell Biol 119(2):249–257. doi:10.1083/jcb.119.2.249

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li BX, Satoh AK, Ready DF (2007) Myosin V, Rab11, and dRip11 direct apical secretion and cellular morphogenesis in developing drosophila photoreceptors. J Cell Biol 177(4):659–669. doi:10.1083/jcb.200610157, pii:jcb.200610157

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lori LT, Florencia BS, Frederick RM (2007) Role of an acidic cluster/dileucine motif in cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor traffic. Traffic 8(4):402–413

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luo W, Wang Y, Reiser G (2007) p24A, A type I transmembrane protein, controls ARF1-dependent resensitization of protease-activated receptor-2 by influence on receptor trafficking. J Biol Chem 282(41):30246–30255. doi:10.1074/jbc.M703205200, pii:M703205200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luo W, Wang Y, Reiser G (2011) Proteinase-activated receptors, nucleotide P2Y receptors, and mu-opioid receptor-1B are under the control of the type I transmembrane proteins p23 and p24A in post-Golgi trafficking. J Neurochem 117(1):71–81. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07173.x

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma D, Zerangue N, Lin YF, Collins A, Yu M, Jan YN, Jan LY (2001) Role of ER export signals in controlling surface potassium channel numbers. Science 291(5502):316–319. doi:10.1126/science.291.5502.316, pii:291/5502/316

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marchese A, Paing MM, Temple BRS, Trejo J (2008) G protein-coupled receptor sorting to endosomes and lysosomes. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 48(1):601–629. doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.48.113006.094646

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mazelova J, Astuto-Gribble L, Inoue H, Tam BM, Schonteich E, Prekeris R, Moritz OL, Randazzo PA, Deretic D (2009) Ciliary targeting motif VxPx directs assembly of a trafficking module through Arf4. EMBO J 28(3):183–192. doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.267, pii:emboj2008267

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moore CA, Milano SK, Benovic JL (2007) Regulation of receptor trafficking by GRKs and arrestins. Annu Rev Physiol 69:451–482. doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.69.022405.154712

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moritz OL, Tam BM, Hurd LL, Peranen J, Deretic D, Papermaster DS (2001) Mutant rab8 impairs docking and fusion of rhodopsin-bearing post-Golgi membranes and causes cell death of transgenic xenopus rods. Mol Biol Cell 12(8):2341–2351

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nachury MV, Loktev AV, Zhang Q, Westlake CJ, Peranen J, Merdes A, Slusarski DC, Scheller RH, Bazan JF, Sheffield VC, Jackson PK (2007) A core complex of BBS proteins cooperates with the GTPase Rab8 to promote ciliary membrane biogenesis. Cell 129(6):1201–1213. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.03.053, pii:S0092-8674(07)00534-X

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura N, Balch WE (1997) A di-acidic signal required for selective export from the endoplasmic reticulum. Science 277(5325):556–558

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura N, Bannykh S, Slabough S, Matteson J, Altschuler Y, Hahn K, Balch WE (1999) A di-acidic (DXE) code directs concentration of cargo during export from the endoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem 274(22):15937–15946

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura N, Plutner H, Hahn K, Balch WE (2002) The delta subunit of AP-3 is required for efficient transport of VSV-G from the trans-Golgi network to the cell surface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99(10):6755–6760. doi:10.1073/pnas.092150699, pii:092150699

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Puertollano R, Aguilar RC, Gorshkova I, Crouch RJ, Bonifacino JS (2001a) Sorting of mannose 6-phosphate receptors mediated by the GGAs. Science 292(5522):1712–1716. doi:10.1126/science.1060750, pii:292/5522/1712

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Puertollano R, Randazzo PA, Presley JF, Hartnell LM, Bonifacino JS (2001b) The GGAs promote ARF-dependent recruitment of clathrin to the TGN. Cell 105(1):93–102, pii:S0092-8674(01)00299-9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rands E, Candelore MR, Cheung AH, Hill WS, Strader CD, Dixon RA (1990) Mutational analysis of beta-adrenergic receptor glycosylation. J Biol Chem 265(18):10759–10764

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sato T, Mushiake S, Kato Y, Sato K, Sato M, Takeda N, Ozono K, Miki K, Kubo Y, Tsuji A, Harada R, Harada A (2007) The Rab8 GTPase regulates apical protein localization in intestinal cells. Nature 448(7151):366–369. doi:10.1038/nature05929, pii:nature05929

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Satoh AK, O’Tousa JE, Ozaki K, Ready DF (2005) Rab11 Mediates post-Golgi trafficking of rhodopsin to the photosensitive apical membrane of drosophila photoreceptors. Development 132(7):1487–1497. doi:10.1242/dev.01704, pii:dev.01704

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saunders C, Limbird LE (1997) Disruption of microtubules reveals two independent apical targeting mechanisms for G-protein-coupled receptors in polarized renal epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 272(30):19035–19045

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sawyer GW, Ehlert FJ, Shults CA (2010) A conserved motif in the membrane proximal C-terminal tail of human muscarinic m1 acetylcholine receptors affects plasma membrane expression. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 332(1):76–86. doi:10.1124/jpet.109.160986, pii:jpet.109.160986

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schulein R, Hermosilla R, Oksche A, Dehe M, Wiesner B, Krause G, Rosenthal W (1998) A dileucine sequence and an upstream glutamate residue in the intracellular carboxyl terminus of the vasopressin V2 receptor are essential for cell surface transport in COS.M6 Cells. Mol Pharmacol 54(3):525–535

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sevier CS, Weisz OA, Davis M, Machamer CE (2000) Efficient export of the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein from the endoplasmic reticulum requires a signal in the cytoplasmic tail that includes both tyrosine-based and di-acidic motifs. Mol Biol Cell 11(1):13–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spang A (2002) ARF1 Regulatory factors and COPI vesicle formation. Curr Opin Cell Biol 14(4):423–427, pii:S0955067402003460

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tai AW, Chuang JZ, Bode C, Wolfrum U, Sung CH (1999) Rhodopsin’s carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic tail acts as a membrane receptor for cytoplasmic dynein by binding to the dynein light chain tctex-1. Cell 97(7):877–887, pii:S0092-8674(00)80800-4

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terrillon S, Bouvier M (2004) Roles of G-protein-coupled receptor dimerization. EMBO Rep 5(1):30–34. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.742, pii:742

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang X, Matteson J, An Y, Moyer B, Yoo JS, Bannykh S, Wilson IA, Riordan JR, Balch WE (2004) COPII-dependent export of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator from the ER uses a di-acidic exit code. J Cell Biol 167(1):65–74. doi:10.1083/jcb.200401035, pii:jcb.200401035

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang G, Wu G (2012) Small GTPase regulation of GPCR anterograde trafficking. Trends Pharmacol Sci 33(1):28–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Ward TH, Polishchuk RS, Caplan S, Hirschberg K, Lippincott-Schwartz J (2001) Maintenance of Golgi structure and function depends on the integrity of ER export. J Cell Biol 155(4):557–570. doi:10.1083/jcb.200107045, pii:jcb.200107045

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu G, Zhao G, He Y (2003) Distinct pathways for the trafficking of angiotensin II and adrenergic receptors from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface: Rab1-independent transport of a G protein-coupled receptor. J Biol Chem 278(47):47062–47069. doi:10.1074/jbc.M305707200, pii:M305707200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Dong C, Wu QJ, Balch WE, Wu G (2011) Di-acidic motifs in the membrane-distal C termini modulate the transport of angiotensin II receptors from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. J Biol Chem 286(23):20525–20535. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.222034, pii:M111.222034

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Wang G, Dupre DJ, Feng Y, Robitaille M, Lazartigues E, Feng Y-H, Hebert TE, Wu G (2009) Rab1 GTPase and dimerization in the cell surface expression of angiotensin II type 2 receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 330(1):109–117. doi:10.1124/jpet.109.153460

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu L, Imanishi Y, Filipek S, Alekseev A, Jastrzebska B, Sun W, Saperstein DA, Palczewski K (2006) Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa and E150K mutation in the opsin gene. J Biol Chem 281(31):22289–22298. doi:10.1074/jbc.M602664200, pii:M602664200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu Y, Doray B, Poussu A, Lehto VP, Kornfeld S (2001) Binding of GGA2 to the lysosomal enzyme sorting motif of the mannose 6-phosphate receptor. Science 292(5522):1716–1718. doi:10.1126/science.1060896, pii:292/5522/1716

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zuzarte M, Rinne S, Schlichthorl G, Schubert A, Daut J, Preisig-Muller R (2007) A di-acidic sequence motif enhances the surface expression of the potassium channel TASK-3. Traffic 8(8):1093–1100. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2007.00593.x, pii:TRA593

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant R01GM076167 (to G Wu).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guangyu Wu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wu, G. (2012). Regulation of Post-Golgi Traffic of G Protein-Coupled Receptors. In: Dupré, D., Hébert, T., Jockers, R. (eds) GPCR Signalling Complexes – Synthesis, Assembly, Trafficking and Specificity. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 63. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4765-4_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics