Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Tumors of the Central Nervous System ((TCNS,volume 2))

  • 1777 Accesses

Abstract

In developed countries cancer is the second leading cause of death exceeded only by cardiovascular diseases. There are more than 100 types of cancers that can inflict any part of the body. In 2005, 7.6 million people died of cancer, which constitutes 13% of the 58 million deaths worldwide. In the global population exceeding 6 billion in the year 2002, there were approximately 10.9 million new cancer cases, 6.7 million cancer deaths, and 22.4 million surviving from cancer diagnosed in the previous 5 years. In 2020, it is expected that the world’s population will increase to 7.5 billion, with 15 million new cancer cases and 12 million cancer deaths.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ammirati M, Galicich JH, Arbit E, Liao Y (1987) Reoperation in the treatment of recurrent intracranial malignant gliomas. Neurosurgery 21:607–614

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beckner ME, Fellows-Mayle W, Zhang Z, Agostino NR, Kant JA, Day BW, Pollack IF (2010) Identification of ATP citrate lyase as a positive regulator of glycolytic function in glioblastomas. Nat J Cancer 126:2282–2295

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beckner ME, Stracke ML, Liotta LA, Schiffmann E (1990) Glycolysis as primary energy source in tumor cell chemotaxis. J Nat Cancer Inst 82:1836–1840

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carpentier PA, Palmer TD (2009) Immune influence on adult neural stem cell regulation and function. Neuron 64:79–92

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carson KA, Grossman SA, Fisher JD, Shaw EG (2007) Prognostic factors for survival in adult patients with recurrent glioma enrolled onto the new approaches to brain tumor therapy CNS consortium phases I and II clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 25:2601–2606

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deckers R, Rome C, Moonen CT (2008) The role of ultrasound and magnetic resonance in local drug delivery. J Magn Reson Imag 27:400–409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duffau H (2007) Contributation of cortical and subcortical electrostimulation in brain glioma surgery: methodological and functional considerations. Clin Neurophysiol 37:373–382

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El Hallani S, Boisselier B, Peglion F, Rousseau A, Colin C, Idbaih A, Marie Y, Mokhtari K, Thomas JL, Eichmann A, Delattre JY, Maniotis AJ, Sanson M (2010) A new alternative mechanism in glioblastoma vascularization: tubular vasculogenic mimicry. Brain 133:973–982

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eramo A, Ricci-Vitiani L, Zeuner A, Pallini R, Lotti F, Sette G, Pilozzi E, Larocca LM, Peschle C, De Maria R (2006) Chemotherapy resistance of glioblastoma stem cells. Cell Death Diff 13:1238–1241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fan X, Khaki L, Zhu TS, Soules ME, Talsma CE, Gul N, Koh C, Li JY-M, Maciaczyk J, Nikkhah G, DiMeco F, Piccirillo S, Vescpvi AL, Eberhart C (2010) NOTCH pathway blockade depletes CD133-positive glioblastoma cells and inhibits growth of tumor neurospheres and xenografts. Stem Cells 28:5–16

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Germano I, Swiss V, Casaccia P (2010) Primary brain tumors, neural stem cell, and brain tumor cancer cell: where is the link?. Neuropharmacology 58:903–910

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hayat MA (ed) (2008) Cancer imaging, volumes 1 and 2. Elsevier, San Diego, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim EH, Yoon MJ, Kim SU, Kwon TK, Sohn S, Choi KS (2008) Arsenic trioxide sensitizes human glioma cells, but not normal astrocytes, to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via CCAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein-dependent DR5 upregulation. Cancer Res 68:266–275

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lai A, Filka E, McGibbon B, Leia P et al (2008) Phase II pilot study of bevacizumab in combination with temozolomide and regional radiation therapy for up-front treatment of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme: interim analysis of safety and tolerability. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 71:1372–1380

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lefranc F, Mijatovic T, Kondo Y, Sauvage S et al (2008) Targeting the α1 subunit of the sodium pump to combat glioblastoma cells. Neurosurgery 62:211–222

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Shete S, Erzel CJ, Scheurer M, Alexiou G, Armstrong G, Tsavachidis S, Liang F-W, Gilbert M, Aldape K, Armstrong T, Houlson R, Hosking F, Robertson L, Xiao Y, Wiencke J, Wrensch M, Andersson U, Melin BS, Bondy M (2010) Polymorphisms of LIG4, BTBD2, HMGA2, and RTEL1 genes involved in the double-strand break repair pathway predict glioblastoma survival. J Clin Oncol 28:2467–2474

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu G, Yuan X, Zeng Z, Tunici P, Ng H, Abdulkadir IR, Lu L, Irvin D, Black KL, Yu JS (2006) Analysis of gene expression and chemoresistance of CD133 cancer stem cells in glioblastoma. Mol Cancer 5:67–68

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mathieu V, De Neve N, Le Mercier M, Dewelle J, Gaussin J-F, Dehoux M, Kiss R, Lefranc F (2008) Combining bevacizumab with temozolomide increases the antitumor efficacy of temozolomide in a human glioblastoma orthotopic xenograft model. Neoplasia 10:1383–1392

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mettler Jr,FA, Bhargavan M, Faulkner K, Gilley DB, Gray JE, Ibbott GS et al (2009) Radiologic and nuclear medicine studies in the United States and worldwide: frequency, radiation dose, and vomparison with other radiation sources-1950–2007. Radiology 253:520–531

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nieder C, Wiedenmann N, Andratschke N, Molls M (2006) Current status of angiogenesis inhibitors combined with radiation therapy. Cancer Treat Rev 32:348–364

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nimsky C, Ganslandt O, von Keller B, Fahlbusch R (2006) Intraoperative visulization for resection of gliomas: the role of functional neuronavigation and intraoperaive 1.57 MRI. Neurol Res 28:482–487

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ohgaki H, Kleihues P (2007) Genetic pathways to primary and secondary glioblastomas. Am J Pathol 170:1445–1453

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park JK, Hodges T, Arko L, Shen M et al (2010) Scale to predict survival after surgery for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. J Clin Oncol 28:3838–3843

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Piccirillo SGM, Reynolds BA, Zanetti N, Lamorte G, Binda E, Broggi G, Brem H, Olivi A, Dimeco F, Vescovi AL (2006) Bone morphogenetic proteins inhibit the tumorigenic potential of human brain tumour-initiating cells. Nature 444:761–765

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prestegarden L, Svendsen A, Wang J, Sleire L, Skaftnesmo KO, Bjerkvig R, Yan T, Askland L, Persson A, Sakariassen PQ, Enger PQ (2010) Glioma cell populations grouped by different cell type markers drive brain tumor growth. Cancer Res 70:4274–4279

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salvatori M, Lucignani G (2010) Radiation exposure, protection, and risk from nuclear medicine procedures. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 37:1225–12231

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sandmair AM, Vapalahti M, Yla-Herttuala S (2000) Adenovirus-mediated herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene therapy for brain tumors. Adv Exp Med Biol 465:163–170

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stummer W, Pichlmeier U, Meinel T, Wiestler OD, Zanella F, Reulen H-J (2006) Fluorescence-guided surgery with 5-aminolevulinic acid forresection of malignant glioma: a randomised controlled multicentre phase III trial. Lancet Oncol 7:392–401

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stupp R, Mason WP, van den Bent MJ, Weller M, Fisher B, Taphoorn MJB, Belanger K, Brandes AA, Marosi C, Bogdahn U, Curschmann J, Janzer RC, Ludwin SK, Gorlia T, Allgeier A, Locombe D, Cairncross G, Eisenhauer E, Mirimanoff RO (2005) Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma. New Engl J Med 352:987–996

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Eekelen M, Sasportas LS, Kasmieh R, Yip S, Figueiredo J-L, Louis DN, Weissleder R, Shah K (2010) Human stem cells expressing novel TSP-1 variant have anti-angiogenic effect on brain tumors. Oncogene 29:3185–3195

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang J, Wakeman TP, Lathia JD, Hjelmeland AB, Wang X-F, White RR, Rich N, Sullenger BA (2009) Notch promotes radioresistance of glioma stem cells. Stem Cells 28:17–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu Y, Zhang Y, Liu X, Wang Z, Ma J, Wang J, Yue W (2009) The effects of ultrasound and arsenic trioxide on neurogliocytoma cells and secondary activation of macrophages. Tumori 95:780–788

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto T, Nakai K, Matsumura A (2008) Boron neutron capture therapy for glioblastoma. Cancer Lett 262:143–152

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M.A. Hayat .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hayat, M. (2011). Introduction. In: Hayat, M. (eds) Tumors of the Central Nervous System, Volume 2. Tumors of the Central Nervous System, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0618-7_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0618-7_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-007-0617-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-007-0618-7

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics