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Neurogenesis in Monkey and Human Adult Brain

  • Chapter
Neurogenesis in the Adult Brain II

Abstract

This paper summarizes the results of our studies on adult neurogenesis in some key structures of the monkey and human brain. These results stem from multiple immunocytochemical investigations undertaken with antigens raised against various molecular markers of neurogenesis, either alone or in combination with the DNA synthesis indicator bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). This approach has allowed us to provide the first detailed picture of the organization of the rostral migratory stream (RMS) in adult squirrel monkeys. Furthermore, studies on human postmortem tissue have revealed, for the first time, that the adult human olfactory bulb is the recipient of neuroblasts that migrate along the RMS and progressively develop a GABAergic or dopaminergic phenotype. A new migratory stream that provides newborn neurons to the amygdala and adjacent piriform cortex has also been visualized in squirrel monkeys. Finally, the striatum of normal adult squirrel monkeys was found to harbor newly generated cells that eventually become projection neurons. The recruitment of such striatal neurons was markedly increased in the presence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a finding that raises hope for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of ­certain neurodegenerative diseases.

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Abbreviations

ac:

Anterior commissure

AdBDNF:

Adenoviral vector overexpressing BDNF

AMY:

Amygdala

BDNF:

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

BrdU:

Bromodeoxyuridine

c:

Caudal (posterior)

CB:

Calbindin

cc:

Corpus callosum

CD:

Caudate nucleus

ChAT:

Choline acetyltransferase

CMV:

Cytomegalovirus

CR:

Calretinin

CT:

Cortex

DARPP-32:

Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32 kDa

DCX:

Doublecortin

EPL:

External plexiform layer

FL:

Fiber layer

GAD:

Glutamic acid decarboxylase

GAD65/67 :

GAD 65 and 67 isoforms

GCL:

Granular cell layer

GFAP:

Glial fibrillary acidic protein

GL:

Glomerular layer

HIPPO:

Hippocampus

HL:

Horizontal limb

ic:

Internal capsule

Ki-67:

Cell cycle-associated protein

LV:

Lateral ventricle

MAP-2:

Microtubule-associated protein 2

MCL:

Mitral cell layer

NA:

Nucleus accumbens

NeuN:

Neuronal nuclear protein

NeuroD:

Neuronal determination and differentiation transcription factor

OB:

Olfactory bulb

ONL:

Olfactory nerve layer

OT:

Olfactory tubercle

PCNA:

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen

PIRI:

Piriform cortex

PL:

Posterior limb

PSA-NCAM:

Polysialylated neural cell adhesion

PUT:

Putamen

PV:

Parvalbumin

r:

Rostral (anterior)

RMS:

Rostral migratory stream

SS:

Somatostatin

SVZ:

Subventricular zone

SVZa:

Anterior part of SVZ

TH:

Tyrosine hydroxylase

tLV:

Temporal horn of LV

TS:

Temporal migratory stream

TUC-4:

Collapsin response mediator protein-4

TuJ1:

β-Tubulin-III

VL:

Vertical limb

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grant MT-8756 of the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) to A. Parent. A. Bédard and P.J. Bernier were recipients of CIHR Studentships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert-Giffard, 2601, de la Canardière, Local F-6500a, Beauport, QC, Canada, G1J 2G3

    Andréanne Bédard, Patrick J. Bernier & André Parent

Authors
  1. Andréanne Bédard
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  2. Patrick J. Bernier
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  3. André Parent
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to André Parent .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan

    Tatsunori Seki Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

  2. Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan

    Kazunobu Sawamoto Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

  3. Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5021 BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Jack M. Parent M.D. (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA

    Arturo Alvarez-Buylla Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

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Bédard, A., Bernier, P.J., Parent, A. (2011). Neurogenesis in Monkey and Human Adult Brain. In: Seki, T., Sawamoto, K., Parent, J.M., Alvarez-Buylla, A. (eds) Neurogenesis in the Adult Brain II. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53945-2_1

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