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Swelling-Controlled Release

  • Chapter
Controlled Release

Part of the book series: Polymers ((POLYMERS,volume 13))

Abstract

Consider a monolithic polymeric device containing an active agent introduced into the elution medium. If the elution medium is not thermodynamically compatible with the polymer or if the polymer is well above its glass transition temperature, the morphological structure is time independent and the device belongs to the diffusion-controlled category. However, if the elution medium or a constituent component is thermodynamically compatible with a polymer in the glassy state, its glass transition temperature may be lowered below the system temperature. Subsequently, the glassy polymer begins to undergo a glass-to-gel transition. The polymer chains in the gel state, being more mobile than those in the glassy state, allow the active agent to diffuse (more rapidly) out of the matrix. Such a device in which the change of polymer morphology, caused by interaction with the elution medium, controls or influences the release is classified as being swelling controlled. A distinction has been made between two types of systems formed by such swellable polymers (Peppas, 1984). A swellable controlled-release system comprising the first type, consists of a hydrophilic polymer that undergoes swelling more or less continuously throughout the matrix. This glass-to-gel transition loosens the matrix and the active agent is able to diffuse out, with the release rate determined by the diffusion process. A swelling-controlled system belonging to the second type, comprises a polymeric system exhibiting spatially discontinuous swelling.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Durland Hall, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA

    Professor Liang-tseng Fan

  2. Kabi Pharma, Gårdsvägen 6, Box 1828, Solna, S-171 26, Sweden

    Dr. Satish Kumar Singh

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  1. Professor Liang-tseng Fan
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Fan, Lt., Singh, S.K. (1989). Swelling-Controlled Release. In: Controlled Release. Polymers, vol 13. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74507-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74507-2_4

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