Skip to main content

X-Ray Microscopy of Fluid Lipid Membranes

  • Chapter
X-Ray Microscopy and Spectromicroscopy
  • 343 Accesses

Abstract

Membranes may be envisaged as two-dimensional liquid crystals. The microscopic molecular arrangement of the involved lipid molecules results in complicated structures in the mesoscopic size. X-ray microscopy is a tool for direct imaging of such appearances. Here we report some new results obtained with the Göttingen X-ray microscope for POPC in pure water. Lipid membranes are observed both with amplitude and phase contrast set-up of the microscope. Cryo experiments complete the observations done under normal and humid conditions. The effect of radiation damage is discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Seddon, J. M. and R. H. Templer. 1995. Polymorphism of lipid-water systems. In Structure and Dynamics of Membranes, From Cells to Vesicles. R. Lipowskoy, E. Sackmann, editors. Handbook of Biological Physics. vol. 1A A.J.Hoff, series editor. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam. 97–160.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Vaz, W. L. C., R. M. Clegg and D. Hallmann. 1985. Translational diffusion oflipids in liquid crystalline phase phosphatidylcholine multibilayers. A comparison of experiment with theory. Biochemistry 24: 781–786.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Helfrich, W. 1973. Elastic properties of lipid bilayers: theory and possible experiments. Z. Naturforsch. 28c: 693–703.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Deuling, H. J. and W. Helfrich. 1976. The curvature eleasticity of fluid membranes: a catalogue of vesicle shapes. J Physique 37: 1335–1345.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Seifert, U. 1996. Morphology and dynamics of vesicles. 350–357. In Theory of Self-Assembly. 350–357.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Helfrich, W. and R. M. Servuss. 1984. Undulations, steric interaction and cohesion of fluid membranes. II Nuovo Cimento D3: 137–151.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Seifert, u., Berndl, K. and R. Lipowsky. 1991. Shape transformations of vesicles: phase diagrams for spontaneous-curvature and bilayer-coupling models. Phys. Rev. A 44: 1181–1202.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. Jülicher, F., U. Seifert and R. Liposky. Conformal degeneracy and conformal diffusion of vesicles. Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 3: 452–455.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Charitat, T. and B. Fourcade. 1997. Lattice of passages connecting membranes. J. Phys. II France 7: in press

    Google Scholar 

  10. Servuss, R. M. and W. Helfrich. 1989. Mutual adhesion of lecithin membranes at ultralow tensions. J. Phys. France 50: 809–827.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Helfrich, W. and B. Klösgen. 1990. Adhesion and roughness of biological model membranes. In Dynamics and Patterns in Complex Fluids. A. Onuki and K. Kawasaki, editors. Springer Proc. in Physics 52: 2–16.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Helfrich W. 1995. Tension-induced mutual adhesion and a conjectured superstructure of lipid membranes. In Structure and Dynamics of Membranes. R. Lipowsky, E. Sackmann, editors. In Handbook of Biological Physics, vo. 1B. A.J. Hoff, series editor. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam. 691–721.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mutz, M. and W. Helfrich. 1990. Bending rigidities of some biological model membranes as obtained from the Fourier analysis of contour sections. J. Phys. France 51:991–1002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Niggemann, G., M. Kummrow and W. Helfrich. 1995. The bending rigidity of phosphatidylcholine bilayers: dependencies on experimental method, sample cell sealing and temperature. J. Phys. II France 5: 413–425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Beblik, G., R. M. Servuss and W. Helfrich. 1985. Bilayer bending rigidity of some synthetic lecithins. J Physique 46: 1773–1778.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Hartung J., W. Helfrich and B. Klösgen. 1994. Transformation of phosphatidylcholine multilayer systems in excess water. Biophys. Chemistry 49: 77–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Harbich, W. and W. Helfrich. 1990. Phases of egg lecithin in an abundance of water. Chem. Phys. Lipids 55:191–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Reeves and Dowben. 1969. Formation and properties of thin-walled phospholipids vesicles. J. Cell. Physiol. 73:49–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Klösgen, B. and W. Helfrich. 1993. Special features of phosphatidylcholine vesicles as seen in cryo-transmission electron microscopy. Eur. Biophys. J. 22: 329–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Guttmann, P., G. Schneider, J. Thieme, C. David, M. Diehl, R. Medenwaldt, B. Niemann, D. Rudolph and G. Schmahl. 1992. X-ray microscopy studies with the Gottingen X-ray microscopes. SPIE 1741:52–61.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Schmahl, G., D. Rudolph, B. Niemann, P. Guttmann, M. Robert-Nicoud, J. Thieme, G. Schneider, C. David, D. Diehl and T. Wilhein. 1992. Natural imaging of biological specimens with X-ray microscopes. In Synchrotron Radiation in Biosciences, vol. 2. Cell Biology and Medicine. B. Chang et al., editors. Oxford Sciences, 1994. 539–562.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Rudolph, D., G. Schneider, P. Guttmann, G. Schmahl, B. Niemann and J. Thieme. 1992. Investigations of wet biological specimens with the X-ray microscope at BESSY. In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol. 67. X-ray microscopy III. A. Michette, G. Morrison and C. Buckley, editors. Springer Verlag, Berlin. 404–407.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Thieme, J., C. David, N. Fay, B. Kaulich, R. Medenwaldt, M. Hettwer, P. Guttmann, V. Kogler, T. Maser, G. Schneider, D. Rudolph and G. Schmahl. 1993. Zone plates for high resolution X-ray microscopy. In X-Ray Microscopy IV. V. V. Aristov and A. I. Erko, editors. Bogorodskii Pechatnik Publ. Comp., Chernogolovka/Moscow, Russia. 487–493.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Niemann, B., G. Schneider, P. Guttmann, Rudolph, D., G. Schmahl. 1994. The new Gottingen X-ray microscope with object holder in air for wet specimen. In X-Ray Microscopy IV. V. V. Aristov and A. I. Erko, editors. Bogorodskii Pechatnik Publ. Comp., Chernogolovka/Moscow, Russia. 66–76.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Schmahl, G., D. Rudolph, P. Guttmann, G. Schneider, J. Thieme, B. Niemann. 1995. Phase contrast studies of biological specimens with the X-ray microscope at BESSY. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66:1282–1286.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. Schneider, G. and B. Niemann 1997. Cryo-X-ray microscopy experiments with the X-ray microscope at BESSY. This issue.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Guttmann, P. and B. Klösgen. 1994. In vitro imaging of arificiallipid membranes by use of X-ray microscopy. Proceedings of the 13th International Congress on Electron Microscopy. Les Editions de Physique, Les Viis Cedex A, France. 795–796.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Guttmann, P. and B. Klösgen. 1994. X-ray microscopy studies of artificial lipid membranes. In X-Ray Microscopy IV. V. V. Aristov and A. I. Erko, editors. Bogorodskii Pechatnik Publ. Comp., Chernogolovkal Moscow, Russia. 217–239.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Schliebe, T., G. Schneider and H. Aschoff. 1997. High resolution zone plates in nickel for X-ray microscopy. This issue.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Cazaux, J. 1995. The role of the Auger mechanism in the radiation damage of insulators. Microc. Microanal. Microstruct. 6: 345–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Klösgen, B. and W. Helfrich. 1996. Cryo-Transmission Electron microscopy of a superstructure of fluid dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) membranes. Biophys, J. submitted.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Schneider, G., B. Niemann, P. Guttmann, D. Rudolph, G. Schmahl. 1995. Cryo Xray microscopy. Synch. Rad. News 8: 19–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Heide, H. and E. Zeitler. 1985. The physical behaviour of solid water at low temperatures and the embedding of electron microscopical specimens. Ultramicroscopy 16: 151–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Milner, S. T. and S. A. Safran. 1987. Dynamical fluctuations of droplet microemulsions and vesicles. Phys. Rev. A 36: 4371–4379.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. Dunger, A., W. Helfrich, and B. Klösgen Observation of a disperse phase of lipids by freeze fracture electron microscopy. In preparation.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Klösgen, B., Guttmann, P. (1998). X-Ray Microscopy of Fluid Lipid Membranes. In: Thieme, J., Schmahl, G., Rudolph, D., Umbach, E. (eds) X-Ray Microscopy and Spectromicroscopy. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72106-9_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72106-9_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-72108-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-72106-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics