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Differentiation of CACTA-like Elements in Arabidopsis

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Evolutionary Biology: Mechanisms and Trends

Abstract

CACTA elements are the major class 2 transposable elements in plant species. There were 254 elements that represent entire copies of CACTA and CACTA-like elements in Arabidopsis thaliana. The CACTA and CACTA-like elements were categorized into two groups depending on the second open reading frame, TNP-A, and their structure. Whereas one group, named AtCAC23, contains a TPase_23 domain, another group, named AtCAC24, contains a TPase_24 domain. The AtCAC24 elements were outnumbered and more ancient than the AtCAC23 elements. There were two active elements in a methylation-abolished environment. One such element was CAC1 (AtCAC23009), which was previously reported by others. Another one was AtCAC24024, which was newly found here. The transposition activity of AtCAC24024 was lower than that of CAC1. In the joint amplified fragment length polymorphism and transposon display analyses, the highly active CAC1 elements exhibited copy number increment in the recently differentiated ecotypes, whereas the AtCAC24024 elements exhibited copy number increment to high copies in early differentiation, which were randomly lost during ecotype differentiation. We also found a novel domesticated CACTA-derived TPase gene, Adote1, which was involved in various developmental processes.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Programs through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (2009-0071672 to K.C.P. and 2009-0071745, 2010-0006674 to N.S.K.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biosciences, BK21 Training Team, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea

    Nam-Soo Kim

  2. Institute of Bioscience and Biotecnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea

    Kyong-Cheul Park & Nam-Soo Kim

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  1. Kyong-Cheul Park
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Correspondence to Nam-Soo Kim .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. CNRS UMR 6632, Labo. Evolution Biologique et, Université d'Aix-Marseille, place Victor Hugo 3, Marseille CX 03, 13331, France

    Pierre Pontarotti

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Park, KC., Kim, NS. (2012). Differentiation of CACTA-like Elements in Arabidopsis . In: Pontarotti, P. (eds) Evolutionary Biology: Mechanisms and Trends. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30425-5_18

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