Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to introduce the reader to the fundamentals of image processing in Nuclear Medicine. It is not meant as a comprehensive guide, but more as an overview and introduction to those topics important to understanding the various forms of image processing.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Cassen B, Curtis L, Reed CW (1949) A sensitive directional gamma ray detector. Technical Report #UCLA-49 (OSTI ID: 4434981), University of California, Los Angeles
Anger HO (1957) A new instrument for mapping gamma-ray emitters. Biology and Medicine Quarterly Report for October, November, December 1956, Report #UCRL-3653 (OSTI ID: 4354301), p. 51
Kuhl DE, Edwards RQ (1963) Image separation radioisotope scanning. Radiology 80:653–662
Jaszczak RJ (2006) The early years of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT): an anthology of selected reminiscences. Phys Med Biol 51:R99–R115
Anger HO (1964) Scintillation camera with multichannel collimators. J Nucl Med 5:515–531
Gotway MB, Leung JW, Gooding GA, Litt HI, Reddy GP, Morita ET, Webb WR, Clark OH, Higgins CB (2002) Hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue: spectrum of appearances on noninvasive imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 179:495–502
Hoffman EJ, Huang SC, Phelps ME (1979) Quantitation in positron emission computed tomography: 1. Effect of object size. J Comput Assist Tomogr 3:299–308
Demirkaya O, Al Mazrou R (2007) Performance test data analysis of scintillation cameras. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 54:1506–1515
Anderson S (2005) Collins English dictionary, 7th edn. HarperCollins, Glasgow
Galt JR, Garcia EV, Nowak DJ (1986) Filtering in Frequency Space. J Nucl Med Technol 14:152–160
Hansen CL (2002) Digital image processing for clinicians, part I: basics of image formation. J Nucl Cardiol 9:343–349
Hansen CL (2002) Digital image processing for clinicians, part II: filtering. J Nucl Cardiol 9:429–437
Hansen CL (2002) Digital image processing for clinicians, part III: SPECT reconstruction. J Nucl Cardiol 9:542–549
Zubal IG, Wisniewski G (1997) Understanding Fourier space and filter selection. J Nucl Cardiol 4:234–243
Cooke CD, Garcia EV, Cullom SJ, Faber TL, Pettigrew RI (1994) Determining the accuracy of calculating systolic wall thickening using a fast Fourier transform approximation: A simulation study based on canine and patient data. J Nucl Med 35:1185–1192
Chen J, Faber TL, Cooke CD, Garcia EV (2008) Temporal resolution of multiharmonic phase analysis of ECG-gated myocardial perfusion SPECT studies. J Nucl Cardiol 15:383–391
Galt JR, Garcia EV, Robbins WL (1990) Effects of myocardial wall thickness on spect quantification. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 9:144–150
Faber TL, Cooke CD, Folks RD, Vansant JP, Nichols KJ, DePuey EG, Pettigrew RI, Garcia EV (1999) Left ventricular function and perfusion from gated SPECT perfusion images: an integrated method. J Nucl Med 40:650–659
Pflugfelder PW, Sechtem UP, White RD, Higgins CB (1988) Quantification of regional myocardial function by rapid cine MR imaging. Am J Roentgenol 150:523–529
DePuey EG, Rozanski A (1995) Using gated technetium-99m-sestamibi SPECT to characterize fixed myocardial defects as infarct or artifact. J Nucl Med 36:952–955
Chen J, Garcia EV, Folks RD, Cooke CD, Faber TL, Tauxe EL, Iskandrian AE (2005) Onset of left ventricular mechanical contraction as determined by phase analysis of ECG-gated myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging: development of a diagnostic tool for assessment of cardiac mechanical dyssynchrony. J Nucl Cardiol 12:687–695
Chen J, Henneman MM, Trimble MA, Bax JJ, Borges-Neto S, Iskandrian AE, Nichols KJ, Garcia EV (2008) Assessment of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony by phase analysis of ECG-gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging. J Nucl Cardiol 15:127–136
Henneman MM, Chen J, Dibbets-Schneider P, Stokkel MP, Bleeker GB, Ypenburg C, van der Wall EE, Schalij MJ, Garcia EV, Bax JJ (2007) Can LV dyssynchrony as assessed with phase analysis on gated myocardial perfusion SPECT predict response to CRT? J Nucl Med 48:1104–1111
Marsan NA, Henneman MM, Chen J, Ypenburg C, Dibbets P, Ghio S, Bleeker GB, Stokkel MP, van der Wall EE, Tavazzi L, Garcia EV, Bax JJ (2008) Left ventricular dyssynchrony assessed by two three-dimensional imaging modalities: phase analysis of gated myocardial perfusion SPECT and tri-plane tissue Doppler imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 35:166–173
Henneman MM, Chen J, Ypenburg C, Dibbets P, Bleeker GB, Boersma E, Stokkel MP, van der Wall EE, Garcia EV, Bax JJ (2007) Phase analysis of gated myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography compared with tissue Doppler imaging for the assessment of left ventricular dyssynchrony. J Am Coll Cardiol 49:1708–1714
Trimble MA, Borges-Neto S, Honeycutt EF, Shaw LK, Pagnanelli R, Chen J, Iskandrian AE, Garcia EV, Velazquez EJ (2008) Evaluation of mechanical dyssynchrony and myocardial perfusion using phase analysis of gated SPECT imaging in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. J Nucl Cardiol 15:663–670
Taylor A, Schuster DM, Alazraki NP (2006) A clinician’s guide to nuclear medicine, 2nd edn. Society of Nuclear Medicine, Reston
Taylor A Jr, Corrigan PL, Galt J, Garcia EV, Folks R, Jones M, Manatunga A, Eshima D (1995) Measuring technetium-99m-MAG3 clearance with an improved camera-based method. J Nucl Med 36:1689–1695
Taylor AT Jr, Fletcher JW, Nally JV Jr, Blaufox MD, Dubovsky EV, Fine EJ, Kahn D, Morton KA, Russell CD, Sfakianakis GN, Aurell M, Dondi M, Fommei E, Geyskes G, Granerus G, Oei HY (1998) Procedure guideline for diagnosis of renovascular hypertension. Society of Nuclear Medicine. J Nucl Med 39:1297–1302
Corbett JR, Akinboboye OO, Bacharach SL, Borer JS, Botvinick EH, DePuey EG, Ficaro EP, Hansen CL, Henzlova MJ, Van Kriekinge S (2006) Equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography. J Nucl Cardiol 13:e56–e79
Erdi YE, Mawlawi O, Larson SM, Imbriaco M, Yeung H, Finn R, Humm JL (1997) Segmentation of lung lesion volume by adaptive positron emission tomography image thresholding. Cancer 80:2505–2509
Jentzen W, Freudenberg L, Eising EG, Heinze M, Brandau W, Bockisch A (2007) Segmentation of PET volumes by iterative image thresholding. J Nucl Med 48:108–114
Brambilla M, Matheoud R, Secco C, Loi G, Krengli M, Inglese E (2008) Threshold segmentation for PET target volume delineation in radiation treatment planning: the role of target-to-background ratio and target size. Med Phys 35:1207–1213
Mortensen E, Morse B, Barrett W, Udupa J (1992) Adaptive boundary detection using live-wire 2-dimensional dynamic-programming. In: Proceedings of the Computers in Cardiology, pp 635–638
Declerck J, Feldmar J, Goris ML, Betting F (1997) Automatic registration and alignment on a template of cardiac stress and rest reoriented SPECT images. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 16:727–737
Slomka PJ, Hurwitz GA, Stephenson J, Cradduck T (1995) Automated alignment and sizing of myocardial stress and rest scans to three-dimensional normal templates using an image registration algorithm (see comment). J Nucl Med 36:1115–1122
Mykkanen J, Tohka J, Luoma J, Ruotsalainen U (2005) Automatic extraction of brain surface and mid-sagittal plane from PET images applying deformable models. Comput Meth Programs Biomed 79:1–17
Minoshima S, Koeppe RA, Frey KA, Kuhl DE (1994) Anatomic standardization: linear scaling and nonlinear warping of functional brain images. J Nucl Med 35:1528–1537
Minoshima S, Frey KA, Koeppe RA, Foster NL, Kuhl DE (1995) A diagnostic approach in Alzheimer’s disease using three-dimensional stereotactic surface projections of fluorine-18-FDG PET. J Nucl Med 36:1238–1248
Garcia EV, Cooke CD, Van Train KF, Folks RD, Peifer JW, DePuey EG, Maddahi J, Alazraki NP, Galt JR, Ezquerra NF, Ziffer JA, Areeda JS, Berman DS (1990) Technical aspects of myocardial SPECT imaging with technetium-99m sestamibi. Am J Cardiol 66:23E–31E
Germano G, Kavanagh PB, Waechter P, Areeda J, Van Kriekinge S, Sharir T, Lewin HC, Berman DS (2000) A new algorithm for the quantitation of myocardial perfusion SPECT. I: technical principles and reproducibility (see comment). J Nucl Med 41:712–719
Garcia E, Folks R, Pak S, Taylor A (2008) Automatic definition of renal regions-of-interests (ROIs) from MAG3 renograms in patients with suspected renal obstruction. J Nucl Med (Meeting Abstracts) 49:386P
Delaunay B (1934) Sur la sphere vide. A memoire de Georges Voronoi. Izv Akad Nauk SSSR, Otdelenie Matematicheskih i Estestvennyh Nauk 7:793–800
Lorensen WE, Cline HE (1987) Marching cubes: a high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm. SIGGRAPH Comput Graph 21:163–169
Foley JD, Phillips RL, Hughes JF, van Dam A, Feiner SK (1994) Introduction to computer graphics. Addison-Wesley, Longman
Cooke CD, Vansant JP, Krawczynska EG, Faber TL, Garcia EV (1997) Clinical validation of three-dimensional color-modulated displays of myocardial perfusion. J Nucl Cardiol 4:108–116
Santana CA, Garcia EV, Vansant JP, Krawczynska EG, Folks RD, Cooke CD, Faber TL (2000) Three-dimensional color-modulated display of myocardial SPECT perfusion distributions accurately assesses coronary artery disease. J Nucl Med 41:1941–1946
Wallis JW, Miller TR (1990) Volume rendering in three-dimensional display of SPECT images (see comments). J Nucl Med 31:1421–1428
Miller TR, Wallis JW, Sampathkumaran KS (1989) Three-dimensional display of gated cardiac blood-pool studies (see comments). J Nucl Med 30:2036–2041
Wallis JW, Miller TR (1991) Display of cold lesions in volume rendering of SPECT studies. J Nucl Med 32:985
Drebin RA, Carpenter L, Hanrahan P (1988) Volume rendering. In: Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. ACM
Hoehne KH, Delapaz RL, Bernstein R, Taylor RC (1987) Combined surface display and reformatting for the three-dimensional analysis of tomographic data. Invest Radiol 22:658–664
Viola P, Wells WM (1995) Alignment by maximization of mutual information. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV 95), June 20–23, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, pp 16–23
Collignon A, Maes F, Delaere D, Vandermeulen D, Suetens P, Marchal G (1995) Automated multi-modality image registration based on information theory. Inform Process Med Imaging 3:263–274
Bajcsy R, Kovacic S (1989) Multiresolution Elastic Matching. Comput Vision Graph Image Processing 46:1–21
Haber E, Modersitzki J (2004) Numerical methods for volume preserving image registration. Inverse Prob 20:1621–1638
Bookstein FL (1989) Principal warps – thin-plate splines and the decomposition of deformations. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 11:567–585
Kuhle WG, Porenta G, Huang SC, Buxton D, Gambhir SS, Hansen H, Phelps ME, Schelbert HR (1992) Quantification of regional myocardial blood flow using 13N-ammonia and reoriented dynamic positron emission tomographic imaging. Circulation 86:1004–1017
Hutchins GD, Schwaiger M, Rosenspire KC, Krivokapich J, Schelbert H, Kuhl DE (1990) Noninvasive quantification of regional blood flow in the human heart using N-13 ammonia and dynamic positron emission tomographic imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol 15:1032–1042
Kaufmann PA, Camici PG (2005) Myocardial blood flow measurement by PET: technical aspects and clinical applications. (erratum appears in J Nucl Med. 2005 46(2):291). J Nucl Med 46:75–88
Van Train KF, Areeda JS, Garcia EV, Cooke CD, Maddahi J, Kiat H, Germano G, Silagan G, Folks RD, Berman DS (1993) Quantitative same-day rest-stress technetium-99m-sestamibi SPECT: definition and validation of stress normal limits and criteria for abnormality. J Nucl Med 34:1494–1502
Van Train KF, Garcia EV, Maddahi J, Areeda JS, Cooke CD, Kiat H, Silagan G, Folks RD, Friedman J, Matzer L, Germano G, Bateman T, Ziffer JA, DePuey EG, Fink-Bennett D, Cloninger K, Berman DS (1994) Multicenter trial validation for quantitative analysis of same-day rest- stress technetium-99m-sestamibi myocardial tomograms. J Nucl Med 35:609–618
Santana CA, Folks RD, Garcia EV, Verdes L, Sanyal R, Hainer J, Di Carli MF, Esteves FP (2007) Quantitative (82)Rb PET/CT: development and validation of myocardial perfusion database. J Nucl Med 48:1122–1128
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cooke, C.D., Faber, T.L., Galt, J.R. (2010). Fundamentals of Image Processing in Nuclear Medicine. In: Khalil, M. (eds) Basic Sciences of Nuclear Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85962-8_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85962-8_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-85961-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-85962-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)