Overview
The first part of this chapter is devoted to muon physics. After a brief introduction to the subject the main muon production channels are summarized and photoproduction of muon pairs is outlined. Muon energy loss mechanisms and reactions are discussed at some length, including ionization losses, muon bremsstrahlung, direct electron pair production by muons, direct muon pair and muon trident production, and photonuclear reactions of muons. A summary of muon reaction probabilities, energy losses and a brief account of recent developments in muon physics end the muon part.
The second part of this chapter is devoted to neutrinos. We present first a general overview of neutrino production and neutrino induced reactions. Subsequently we discuss neutrino cross sections and present a data summary of experimentally determined cross sections at accelerators. This is followed by a compilation of theoretically derived cross sections for the different kinds of neutrinos that extends over the full energy range to ultrahigh energy neutrinos as are expected from astrophysical objects, such as active galactic nuclei. The chapter ends with an outline of the opacity of the Earth to ultrahigh energy neutrinos.
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Notes
- 1.
For further details concerning decay channels of the different unstable particles consult the “Particle Physics Booklet” or the “Review of Particle Physics”, assembled by the Particle Data Group; Eidelman et al. (2004).
- 2.
In the early work of Higashi et al. (1965) the criterion for hadron production was the production of a hadronic cascade of energy ≥ E by a muon.
- 3.
An excellent and broad coverage of neutrino physics is given by Schmitz (1997).
- 4.
The existence of the tau (anti)-neutrino has not yet been confirmed experimentally.
- 5.
HERA (ep-collider) experiment at DESY in Hamburg, Germany.
- 6.
Average nucleon, mean between proton and neutron.
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Grieder, P.K. (2010). Muon and Neutrino Interactions. In: Extensive Air Showers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76941-5_5
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