Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome, (ARDS) is a condition of diffuse alveolar damage and inflammation, secondary to numerous possible etiologies. Few interventions in critical care have been as reproducibly beneficial to patients as low tidal volume ventilation. Prevention of ventilator-induced lung injury is a key benefit of active ventilator management in the ED. In ARDS, as well as other patients, maintaining a plateau pressure of less than 30cmH2O is essential to preventing ventilator-induced lung injury. Recruitment maneuvers, neuromuscular blockade, and prone positioning should be used for persistent or severe hypoxemia. Inhaled pulmonary vasodilators can improve oxygenation, and ECMO should be considered for severe ARDS.
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Wilcox, S.R., Aydin, A., Marcolini, E.G. (2019). Specific Circumstances: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). In: Mechanical Ventilation in Emergency Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98410-0_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98410-0_8
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