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Lifestyle Interventions to Reduce the Risk of Obesity-Associated Gynecologic Malignancies: A Focus on Endometrial Cancer

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Focus on Gynecologic Malignancies

Part of the book series: Energy Balance and Cancer ((EBAC,volume 13))

Abstract

Obesity is an established risk factor for multiple cancer types, with gynecologic cancers gaining more attention in the past decade. While women with obesity may be at increased risk for ovarian and cervical cancer mortality, yet it is endometrial cancer (EC) that appears to be the most sensitive to obesity. Current adiposity, excess weight at the age of 18, metabolic syndrome, and adult weight gain are all associated with substantial increased lifetime risk of EC risk. The incidence of EC has been gradually increasing in recent years, with approximately 60,050 new cases and 10,470 deaths expected in 2016. A recent publication from our group estimates a 55% increase in the incidence of EC by 2030. Reducing the risk of EC by weight loss is an attractive strategy, as weight loss also improves cardiovascular fitness, reduces/treats type-2 diabetes, and reduces the risk of other obesity-related cancers. A variety of behavioral weight loss options are available to patients who would like to reduce their cancer risk, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Bariatric surgery is emerging as one of the most effective weight loss options for patients for whom other options have failed. Bariatric surgery patients are an excellent group to explore EC risk reduction as these patients experience a very rapid weight loss in a short period of time. Counseling on obesity prevention, diet, and exercise could potentially play a big role in the prevention of EC and other malignancies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3380 Blvd of Allies, Isaly’s Building, Suite 307, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Faina Linkov, Sharon L. Goughnour & Shalkar Adambekov

  2. Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Suite 0610, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Robert P. Edwards & Nicole Donnellan

  3. Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Shadyside Medical Building, Suite 604 & 614 5200 Centre Avenue, 5115 Centre Avenue, Suite 140, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232-1301, USA

    Dana H. Bovbjerg

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  1. Faina Linkov
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  2. Sharon L. Goughnour
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  3. Shalkar Adambekov
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  4. Robert P. Edwards
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  5. Nicole Donnellan
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  1. Center for Science, Health and Society, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Nathan A. Berger

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

    Ann H. Klopp

  3. Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

    Karen H. Lu

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Linkov, F., Goughnour, S.L., Adambekov, S., Edwards, R.P., Donnellan, N., Bovbjerg, D.H. (2018). Lifestyle Interventions to Reduce the Risk of Obesity-Associated Gynecologic Malignancies: A Focus on Endometrial Cancer. In: Berger, N., Klopp, A., Lu, K. (eds) Focus on Gynecologic Malignancies. Energy Balance and Cancer, vol 13. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63483-8_9

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