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Electromyography

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Monitoring the Nervous System for Anesthesiologists and Other Health Care Professionals

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Abstract

Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring (IOM) using either electrically elicited triggered or mechanically elicited spontaneous electromyographic (EMG) activity has become widely used for the preservation of neurologic function during various surgical procedures. Its use has a long history dating back to the 1960s, when it was first used for the preservation of facial nerve function. Since then, techniques that utilize EMG responses to protect neurologic function when brain, spinal cord, cranial nerve, cauda equina, and nerve root function are at risk include cranial nerve monitoring, brainstem and cortical motor strip mapping, nerve root monitoring for surgeries in the region of the cauda equina, nerve root monitoring during pedicle screw placements, H-reflex testing, snd transcranial motor-evoked responses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Suite 739 Jelke, Chicago, IL, 60612-3833, USA

    J. Richard Toleikis Ph.D.

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  1. J. Richard Toleikis Ph.D.
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Correspondence to J. Richard Toleikis Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurological Surgery and Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Antoun Koht

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

    Tod B. Sloan

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    J. Richard Toleikis

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Toleikis, J.R. (2017). Electromyography. In: Koht, A., Sloan, T., Toleikis, J. (eds) Monitoring the Nervous System for Anesthesiologists and Other Health Care Professionals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46542-5_7

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