Abstract
The incidence of primary malignant and nonmalignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors in children and adolescents aged 0–19 years in the US is 5.42 per 100,000, and approximately 4620 new cases are expected to be diagnosed in the US in 2015 (Ostrom et al. 2014). There is a rich variety of brain tumors found in children which is primarily a function of the patient’s age and location of origin, with the overall most common being pilocytic astrocytoma (Ostrom et al. 2014). It has been traditionally taught that approximately 60% of pediatric brain tumors are infratentorial, but the actual ratio of supratentorial to infratentorial pediatric tumors is dependent on the specific age group (Ostrom et al. 2015). Tumors can be broadly categorized as glial (e.g., astrocytomas, ependymomas), embryonal (e.g., medulloblastomas, pineoblastoma), germ cell (e.g., germinoma, teratoma), and other (e.g., choroid plexus tumors, craniopharyngiomas).
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Ryan Lingo, P., Choudhri, A.F., Klimo, P. (2018). Principles of Pediatric Neurosurgery. In: Gajjar, A., Reaman, G., Racadio, J., Smith, F. (eds) Brain Tumors in Children. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43205-2_2
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