Skip to main content

Measuring Collaboration in Cross-Cultural Contexts

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Innovative Assessment of Collaboration

Abstract

The use of team-based organizing has become the norm in many organizations, especially those characterized by complexity. However, research has shown that teams are not always effective, despite their popularity (Sims & Salas, 2007). The complex endeavor of creating and maintaining the enabling conditions for team performance is further compounded when teams are culturally diverse. While cultural diversity can provide synergies, research has shown that it can also lead to process loss as members attempt to navigate differences in attitudes, beliefs, and values that often remain hidden under the surface and impact team interaction. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is twofold. First, to highlight some of the areas that may prove challenging for culturally diverse teams to navigate; and, in turn, provide insight into what constructs to measure. Second, to identify a set of measurement considerations that must be navigated when assessing collaboration within culturally diverse teams.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adler, N. J. (1997). International dimensions of organizational behavior (3rd ed.). Cincinnati, OH: International Thomson Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arman, G., & Adair, C. K. (2012). Cross-cultural differences in perception of time: Implications for multinational teams. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 21(5), 657–680.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arthur, W., Jr., Villado, A. J., & Bennett, W., Jr. (2012). Innovations in team task analysis: Identifying team-base task elements, tasks, and jobs. In M. A. Wilson, W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson, & G. M. Alliger (Eds.), Handbook of work analysis: Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations (pp. 641–661). New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor and Francis Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bass, B. M. (1997). Does the transactional–transformational leadership paradigm transcend organizational and national boundaries? American Psychologist, 52(2), 130–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berger, M. (Ed.). (1996). Cross cultural team building: Guidelines for more effective communication and negotiation. McGraw-Hill Book Company Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyd, J. E., Kanas, N. A., Salnitskiy, V. P., Gushin, V. I., Saylor, S. A., Weiss, D. S., et al. (2009). Cultural differences in crewmembers and mission control personnel during two space station programs. Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine, 80(6), 532–540.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brannick, M. T., Levine, E. L., & Morgeson, F. P. (2007). Job and work analysis: Methods, research, and applications for human resource management. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brodbeck, F. C., Frese, M., Akerblom, S., Audia, G., Bakacsi, G., Bendova, H., et al. (2000). Cultural variation of leadership prototypes across 22 European countries. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73(1), 1–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A. L., Adams, B. D., Famewo, J. J., & Karthaus, C. L. (2008). Trust in culturally diverse teams (Contractor Report No. DRDC Toronto CR 2008-097). Toronto, Canada: Defence Research and Development.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burke, C. S. (2005). Team task analysis. In N. Stanton, A. Hedge, K. Brookhuis, E. Salas, & H. Hendrick (Eds.), Handbook of human factors and ergonomics methods (pp. 526–535). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carson, J. B., Tesluk, P. E., & Marrone, J. A. (2007). Shared leadership in teams: An investigation of antecedent conditions and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 50, 1217–1234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cherrie, S. F. (1997). Multinational mine-strike recovery operation. Engineer, 27(3), 6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi, I., & Nisbett, R. E. (2000). Cultural psychology of surprise: Holistic theories and recognition of contradiction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(6), 890–905.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conyne, R. K., Wilson, F. R., Tang, M., & Shi, K. (1999). Cultural similarities and differences and differences in group work: Pilot study of a U.S.-Chinese task group comparison. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research and Practice, 3(1), 40–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, N., Salas, E., Cannon-Bowers, J. A., & Stout, R. (2000). Measuring team knowledge. Human Factors, 42, 151–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • David, E. M., Rubino, C., Keeton, K. E., Miller, C. A., & Patterson, H. N. (2011). An examination of cross-cultural interactions aboard the International Space Station (NASA Technical Report No. TM-2011-217351). Human Research Program, Behavioral Health and Human Performance Element, Space Medicine Division.

    Google Scholar 

  • DeChurch, L. A., & Mesmer-Magnus, J. R. (2010). The cognitive underpinnings of effective teamwork: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(1), 32–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gelfand, M. J., Raver, J. L., & Ehrhart, K. H. (2002). Methodological issues in cross-cultural organizational research. In S. G. Rogelberg (Ed.), Handbook of research methods in industrial/organizational psychology (pp. 216–246). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gersick, C. J. G. (1988). Time and transition in work teams: Toward a new model of group development. Academy of Management Journal, 31(1), 9–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, C. B., & Zellmer-Bruhn, M. (2001). Metaphors and meaning: An intercultural analysis of the concept of teamwork. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(2), 274–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, C. B., & Zellmer-Bruhn, M. (2002). Minding your metaphors: Applying the concept of teamwork metaphors to the management of teams in multicultural contexts. Organizational Dynamics, 31(2), 101–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gomez, C., Kirkman, B. L., & Shapiro, D. L. (2000). The impact of collectivism and in-group/out-group membership on the evaluation generosity of team members. Academy of Management Journal, 43(6), 1097–1106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gudykunst, W. B., Matsumoto, Y., Ting-Toomey, S. T. E. L. L. A., Nishida, T., Kim, K., & Heyman, S. (1996). The influence of cultural individualism-collectivism, self construals, and individual values on communication styles across cultures. Human Communication Research, 22(4), 510–543.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, E. T., & Hall, M. R. (1990). Understanding cultural differences. Boston, MA: Intercultural Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helmreich, R. (2000). Culture and error in space: Implications from analog environments. Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine, 71(9–11), 133–139.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helmreich, R., & Merritt, A. (1998). Culture at work in aviation and medicine: National, organizational and professional influences. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G. (1993). Cultural constraints in management theories. Academy of Management Perspectives, 7(1), 81–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (Eds.). (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Ruiz-Quintanilla, S. A., Dorfman, P. W., Javidan, M., Dickson, M., et al. (1999). Cultural influences on leadership and organizations: Project GLOBE. In W. H. Mobley, M. J. Gessner, & V. Arnold (Eds.), Advances in global leadership (pp. 171–233). Stamford, CT: JAI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Humes, M., & Reilly, A. H. (2007). Managing intercultural teams: The eOrganization exercise. Journal of Management Education, 32(1), 118–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, D. I., & Yammarino, F. J. (2001). Perceptions of transformational leadership among Asian Americans and Caucasian Americans: A level of analysis perspective. The Journal of Leadership Studies, 8(1), 3–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kanas, N., Sandal, G., Boyd, J. E., Gushin, V. I., Manzey, D., North, R., … Wang, J. (2009). Psychology and culture during long-duration space missions. Acta Astronautica, 64(7–8), 659–677.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kealey, D. J. (2004). Research on intercultural effectiveness and its relevance to multicultural crews in space. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 75(7, Supplement 1), C58–C64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenny, D. A., & LaVoie, L. (1985). Separating individual and group effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 339–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein, H. A. (2004). Cognition in natural settings: The cultural lens model. In M. Kaplan (Ed.), Advances in human performance and cognitive engineering research (Vol. 4, pp. 249–280). Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein, H. A., Klein, G., & Mumaw, R. J. (2001). Culturally sensitive aviation demands (Technical Report Prepared for the Boeing Company under General Consultant Agreement 6-111-10A-0112). Fairborn, OH: Wright State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kluckhohn, F. R., & Strodbeck, F. L. (1961). Variations in value orientations. Evanston: Row, Peterson and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkman, B. L., & Shapiro, D. L. (2001). The impact of team members’ cultural values on productivity, cooperation, and empowerment in self-managing work teams. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32(5), 597–617.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Klein, K. J. (2000). A multilevel approach to theory and research in organizations: Contextual, temporal, and emergent properties. In K. J. Klein & S. W. J. Kozlowski (Eds.), Multilevel theory, research and methods in organizations: Foundations, extensions, and new directions (pp. 3–90). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lane, H., & DiStefano, J. (1992). International management behavior: From policy to practice. Boston, MA: PWS-Kent.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langan-Fox, J., Anglim, J., & Wilson, J. R. (2004). Mental models, team mental models, and performance: Process, development, and future directions. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 14(4), 331–352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LePine, J. A., Piccolo, R. F., Jackson, C. L., Mathieu, J. E., & Saul, J. R. (2008). A meta-analysis of teamwork processes: Tests of a multidimensional model and relationships with team effectiveness criteria. Personnel Psychology, 61, 273–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, H. Z. (1999). Communicating information in conversations: A cross-cultural comparison. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 23(3), 387–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marks, M. A., Mathieu, J. E., & Zaccaro, S. J. (2001). A temporally based framework and taxonomy of team process. Academy of Management Review, 26(3), 356–376.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathieu, J. M., Maynard, M. T., Rapp, T., & Gilson, L. (2008). Team effectiveness: 1997–2007: A review of recent advancements and a glimpse into the future. Journal of Management, 34(3), 410–476.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohsinsky, D. (2000). Acculturation gap and granparent’s perceptions of their grandchildren in families of refugees from teh former Soviet Union. Unpublished undergraduate honor’s thesis. University of Maryland, College Park.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, B. B., Jr., Glickman, A. S., Woodard, E. A., Blaiwes, A. S., & Salas, E. (1986). Measurement of team behaviors in a Navy environment (Tech Report No. NTSC TR-86-014). Orlando, FL: Naval Training Systems Center.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman, K. L., & Nollen, S. D. (1996). Culture and congruence: The fit between management practices and national culture. Journal of International Business Studies, 27, 753–779.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oertig, M., & Buergi, T. (2006). The challenges of managing cross-cultural virtual project teams. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 12(1/2), 23–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pillai, R., & Meindl, J. R. (1998). Context and charisma: A “meso” level examination of the relationship of organic structure, collectivism, and crisis to charismatic leadership. Journal of Management, 24(5), 643–671.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rentsch, J. R., & Woehr, D. J. (2004). Quantifying congruence in cognition: Social relations modeling and team member schema similarity. In E. Salas & S. Fiore (Eds.), Team cognition: Understanding the factors that drive process and performance (pp. 11–31). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen, M. A., Schiebel, N., Salas, E., Wu, T. S., Silvestri, S., & King, H. B. (2012). How can team performance be measured, assessed, and diagnosed. In E. Salas & K. Frush (Eds.), Improving patient safety through teamwork and team training (pp. 59–79). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salas, E., Burke, C. S., Wilson-Donnelly, K. A., & Fowlkes, J. E. (2004). Promoting effective leadership within multicultural teams: An event-based approach. In D. Day, S. J. Zaccaro, & S. M. Halpin (Eds.), Leader development for transforming organizations (pp. 293–323). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salas, E., Shuffler, M. L., Thayer, A. L., Bedwell, W. L., & Lazzara, E. H. (2015). Understanding and improving teamwork in organizations: A scientifically based practical guide. Human Resource Management, 54(4), 599–622.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sato, E. (2016). Non-cognitive factors, culture, and fair and valid assessment of culturally- and linguistically-diverse learners. Presentation given to the National Council on Measurement in Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schweder, R., & Bourne, E. J. (1982). Does the concept of the person vary cross-culturally? In A. J. Marsella & G. M. White (Eds.), Cultural conceptions of mental health and therapy (pp. 97–137). Dordrecht: Reidel.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sims, D. E., & Salas, E. (2007). When teams fail in organizations: What creates teamwork breakdowns? In J. Langan-Fox, C. L. Cooper, & R. J. Klimoski (Eds.), Research companion to the dysfunctional workplace: Management challenges and symptoms (pp. 302–318). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith-Jentsch, K. A. (2009). The devil is in the details. In E. Salas, G. F. Goodwin, & C. S. Burke (Eds.), Team effectiveness in complex organizations: Cross-disciplinary perspectives and approaches (pp. 491–508). New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tesluk, P. E., Farr, J. L., & Klein, S. R. (1997). Influences of organizational culture and climate on individual creativity. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 31(1), 27–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ting-Toomey, S. (1999). Communicating across cultures. New York, NY: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Triandis, H. C. (1993). Collectivism and individualism as cultural syndromes. Cross-Cultural Research, 27(3/4), 155–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tuckman, B. W. (1965). Developmental sequence in small groups. Psychological Bulletin, 63(6), 384–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watson, W. E., Johnson, L., & Zgourides, G. D. (2002). The influence of ethnic diversity on leadership, group processes, and performance: An examination of learning teams. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 26, 1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by a grant from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (#NNJ13HF08P). The views expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the organizations with which they are affiliated or their sponsoring institutions or agencies.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Shawn Burke .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Shawn Burke, C., Feitosa, J., Salas, E., Gelfand, M. (2017). Measuring Collaboration in Cross-Cultural Contexts. In: von Davier, A., Zhu, M., Kyllonen, P. (eds) Innovative Assessment of Collaboration. Methodology of Educational Measurement and Assessment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33261-1_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33261-1_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-33259-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-33261-1

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics