Skip to main content

Coronary Interventions in Stable Coronary Artery Disease

  • Chapter
Interventional Cardiology in the Elderly
  • 584 Accesses

Abstract

Increasing age of the human population led to a rising number of cardiac interventions in the elderly. Despite these trends and contrary to the well-known advantages of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes, there is a lack of evidence regarding the usefulness of elective PCI in elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) as randomized controlled trials have enrolled very few patients of this age group. The indication to perform PCI may be different in older patients, in contrast to younger patients with higher levels of physical exercise. In summary, elective PCI can be performed with a high success and an acceptable complication rate in elderly and very elderly patients. Due to recent advancements in interventional techniques, success rates improved and complications were reduced especially in elderly patients. But the indication for PCI in very elderly patients still remains challenging, since it is mainly performed for pain relief and not for a higher life expectancy. It therefore competes with medical treatment, because physical activity is reduced in this patient group. Consequently a thorough evaluation of all risk factors, which could potentially harm the patient, is of great importance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Singh M, Peterson ED, Roe MT, et al. Trends in the association between age and in-hospital mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention: National Cardiovascular Data Registry experience. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2009;2:20–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Gurwitz JH, Col NF, Avorn J. the exclusion of the elderly and women from clinical trials in acute myocardial infarction. JAMA. 1992;268:1417–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Lee PY, Alexander KP, Hammill BG, Pasquali SK, Peterson ED. Representation of elderly persons and women in published randomized trials of acute coronary syndromes. JAMA. 2001;286:708–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Rittger H, Rieber J, Breithardt OA, Dücker M, Schmidt M, Abbara S, Sinha AM, Jakob A, Nölker G, Brachmann J. Influence of age on pain perception in acute myocardial ischemia: a possible cause for delayed treatment in older patients. Int J Cardiol. 2011;149:63–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Ambepitiyja G, Roberts M, Ranjadayalan K, Tallis R. Silent exertional myocardial ischemia in the elderly. A quantitative analysis of angina perceptual threshold and the influence of autonomic function. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1994;42:732–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Singh M, Lennon RJ, Holmes Jr DR, Bell MR, Rihal CS. Correlates of preprocedural complications and simple integer risk score for percutaneous coronary intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:387–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Holmes Jr DR, Berger PB, Garratt KN, et al. Application of the New York State PTCA mortality model in patients undergoing stent implantation. Circulation. 2000;102:517–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Lindsay Jr J, Reddy VM, Pinnow EE, Little T, Pichard AD. Morbidity and mortality rates in elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary transluminal angioplasty. Am Heart J. 1994;128:697–702.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Claude J, Schindler C, Kuster GM, et al. Cost-effectiveness of invasive versus medical management of elderly patients with chronic symptomatic coronary artery disease. Findings of the randomized trial of invasive versus medical therapy in elderly patients with chronic angina (TIME). Eur Heart J. 2004;25:2195–203.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Ten Berg JM, Bal ET, Gin TJ, et al. Initial and long-term results of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients 75 years of age and older. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn. 1992;26:165–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Christ M, Bertsch T, Popp S, Bahrmann P, Heppner HJ, Müller C. High-sensitivity troponin assays in the evaluation of patients with acute chest pain in the emergency department. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2011;49:1955–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Thompson RC, Holmes Jr DR, Grill DE, Mock MB, Bailey KR. Changing outcomes of angioplasty in the elderly. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;27:8–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Thompson RC, Holmes Jr DR, Gersh BJ, Mock MB, Bailey KR. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in the elderly: early and long-term results. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991;17:1245–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Bedotto JB, Rutherford BD, McConahay DR, et al. Results of multivessel percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in persons aged 65 years and older. Am J Cardiol. 1991;67:1051–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Feldman DN, Gade CL, Slotwinder AJ, et al. Comparison of outcomes of percutaneous coronary interventions in patients of three age groups (<60, 60 to 80, >80 years) (from the New York State Angioplasty Registry). Am J Cardiol. 2006;98:1334–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Batchelor WB, Anstrom KJ, Muhlbaier LH, Grosswald R, Weintraub WS, O’Neill WW, Peterson ED. Contemporary outcome trends in the elderly undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions: results in 7.472 octogenarians. National Cardiovascular Network Collaboration. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36:723–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. The TIME Investigators. Trial of invasive versus medical therapy in elderly patients with chronic symptomatic coronary-artery disease (TIME): a randomized trial. Lancet. 2001;358:951–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Pfisterer M for the TIME investigators. Long-Term outcome in elderly patients with chronic angina managed invasively versus by optimized medical therapy. Circulation. 2004;110:1213–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Rittger H, Hochadel M, Behrens S, Hauptamnn KE, Zahn R, Mudra H, Brachmann J, Zeymer U. Interventional treatment and outcome in elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease. Results from the German ALKK registry. Herz. 2014;39:212–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Cavender MA, Rao SV, Ohman EM. Major bleeding: management and risk reduction in acute coronary syndromes. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2008;11:1869–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Rihal CS, Textor SC, Grill DE, Berger PB, Ting HH, Best PJ, Singh M, Bell MR, Barsness GW, Mathew V, et al. Incidence and prognostic importance of acute renal failure after percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation. 2002;105:2259–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Kagan A, Sheikh-Hamad D. Contrast-induced kidney injury: focus on modifiable risk factors and prophylactic strategies. Clin Cardiol. 2010;33:62–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Brown JR, DeVries JT, Piper WD, Robb JF, Hearne MJ, Ver Lee PM, Kellet MA, Watkins MW, Ryan TJ, Silver MT, et al. Serious renal dysfunction after percutaneous coronary interventions can be predicted. Am Heart J. 2008;155:260–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Brown JR, Thompson CA. Contrast-induced acute kidney injury: the at-risk patient and protective measures. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2010;12:440–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Romagnoli E, Biondi-Zoccai G, Sciahbasi A, et al. Radial versus femoral randomized investigation in ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: the RIFLE-STEACS (radial versus femoral randomized investigation in ST-Elevation acute coronary syndrome) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60:2481–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Hu F, Yang Y, Qiao S, et al. Comparison between radial and femoral approach for percutaneous coronary intervention in patients aged 80 years or older. J Interv Cardiol. 2012;25:513–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Mehran R, Aymong ED, Nikolsky E, Lasic Z, Iakovou I, Fahy M, Mintz GS, Lansky AJ, Moses JW, Stone GW, et al. A simple risk score for prediction of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary intervention: development and initial validation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;44:1393–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Harald Rittger MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rittger, H. (2015). Coronary Interventions in Stable Coronary Artery Disease. In: Rittger, H. (eds) Interventional Cardiology in the Elderly. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21142-8_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21142-8_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-21141-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-21142-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics