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Interventional treatment and outcome in elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease

Results from the German ALKK registry

Interventionelle Therapie und Verlauf bei älteren Patienten mit stabiler koronarer Herzerkrankung

Ergebnisse des ALKK-Registers

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Abstract

Background

The number of elderly and very elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is increasing. We therefore analyzed data from the German ALKK registry (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitende Krankenhausärzte; Working Group of Hospital Cardiologists) to determine differences in procedural features, antithrombotic treatment, and in-hospital outcome in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) according to age in a large series of patients.

Methods and results

The present analysis was based on the data of 35,534 consecutive patients undergoing elective PCI who were enrolled in the ALKK registry. Of these 27,145 (76.4 %) were younger than 75 years, 7,645 (21.5 %) were aged between 75 and 84 years, and 744 (2.1 %) patients were older than 85 years. Mean age was 68.5 years (60.9–74.5 years), and 25,784 patients (72.6 %) were male. Overall intraprocedural events were very low (1.1 %) and there was no significant difference between the three age groups [< 75 years (1.1 %); 75-< 85 years (1.2 %); ≥ 85 years (0.5 %) (p = not significant)]. Rates of in-hospital death, stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), as well as the combined endpoint in-hospital major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were also very low (0.6 % vs. 0.9 % vs. 0.9 %; p < 0.001) but significantly higher in elderly patients with no further increase in the very elderly patient group.

Conclusion

We found no differences in this registry in intraprocedural complications during elective PCI between younger and elderly patients. Although in-hospital MACCE were somewhat higher in the elderly, the overall event rate was low and thus elderly patients should not be deprived from this therapy because of age alone.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Aufgrund der sich wandelnden Altersstruktur in den Industriestaaten nimmt die Zahl älterer Patienten, bei welchen eine perkutane koronare Intervention (PCI) erfolgt, stetig zu. Aus diesem Grund analysierten wir Daten des deutschen ALKK-Registers (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitende Krankenhausärzte), um Unterschiede in der Art der Intervention, der antithrombotischen Begleittherapie sowie im intrahospitalen Verlauf zwischen älteren und jüngeren Patienten mit koronarer Herzerkrankung (KHK) zu beschreiben.

Methoden und Ergebnisse

Die vorliegende Analyse basiert auf den Daten von 35.534 konsekutiven Patienten, die sich zwischen 2006 und 2008 einer PCI-Maßnahme unterziehen mussten und in das deutsche ALKK-Register eingeschlossen worden waren. Von diesen waren 27.145 Patienten (76,4 %) < 75 Jahre, 7645 (21,5 %) zwischen 75 und 84 Jahre und 744 (2,1 %) ≥ 85 Jahre alt. Das mittlere Alter betrug 68,5 Jahre (60,9–74,5), 25.784 (72,6 %) Patienten waren Männer. Insgesamt zeigte sich eine sehr niedrige intraprozedurale Ereignisrate (1,1 %) ohne signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Altersgruppen (< 75 Jahre: 1,1 %; 75-< 85 Jahre: 1,2 %; ≥ 85 Jahre: 0,5 %; p = n.s.). Der Anteil an Todesfällen während des stationären Aufenthalts, Schlaganfällen und transitorisch ischämischen Attacken (TIA) sowie der kombinierte Endpunkt „schwerere unerwünschte kardiale Ereignisse während des stationären Aufenthalts“ waren ebenfalls sehr niedrig (0,6 % vs. 0,9 % vs. 0,9 %; p < 0,001), jedoch signifikant höher bei älteren Patienten ohne weiteren Anstieg in der Gruppe der sehr alten Patienten.

Schlussfolgerung

Im vorliegenden Register fanden sich nur marginale Unterschiede hinsichtlich Komplikationen während des stationären Aufenthalts zwischen jüngeren und älteren Patienten, bei welchen eine koronare Intervention erfolgte. Obwohl bei älteren Patienten nach wie vor höhere Komplikationsraten während des stationären Aufenthalts nachzuweisen sind, ist die Ereignisrate insgesamt auch für ältere Patienten sehr niedrig. Deshalb sollten invasive Maßnahmen, auch bei stabiler KHK, älteren Patienten nicht vorenthalten werden.

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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Correspondence to H. Rittger MD.

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Rittger, H., Hochadel, M., Behrens, S. et al. Interventional treatment and outcome in elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease. Herz 39, 212–218 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-013-3822-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-013-3822-2

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