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The Role of Macrophages in the Foreign Body Response to Implanted Biomaterials

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Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine and the Immune System

Abstract

Biomaterials are part of the solution to many unmet clinical needs, from implantable sensors to drug delivery devices and engineered tissues. However, biomaterials face an inflammatory environment upon implantation, representing a potential obstacle to their success. In this chapter, we review the consequences of the foreign body response (FBR) for biomaterial function and strategies that have been used to inhibit the FBR. We focus on the role of the macrophage, the cell at the center of the inflammatory response, and discuss implications of changing macrophage behavior on biomaterial acceptance or rejection. Finally, we discuss recent discoveries in the role of macrophage phenotype, ranging from pro-inflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2), and the role it plays in wound healing and biomaterial vascularization. We conclude with a discussion of biomaterial design strategies that have been suggested to positively interact with and potentially control macrophages in order to improve interactions with the inflammatory response.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Tony Yu, Valerie J. Tutwiler & Dr. Kara Spiller

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  1. Tony Yu
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  2. Valerie J. Tutwiler
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  3. Dr. Kara Spiller
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Correspondence to Kara Spiller .

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  1. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

    Laura Santambrogio

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Yu, T., Tutwiler, V., Spiller, K. (2015). The Role of Macrophages in the Foreign Body Response to Implanted Biomaterials. In: Santambrogio, L. (eds) Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine and the Immune System. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18045-8_2

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