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Inflammasome Activation by Danger Signals

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The Inflammasomes

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

Abstract

The concept of danger signals as a crucial element to activate the immune response has risen in the last 15 years and has been opposed to the classical model of the immune response recognizing non-self patterns. Danger signals are endogenous host molecules that are not in place; such signals include the presence of ATP or uric acid in the extracellular space, the breakdown or release of soluble extracellular matrix components or the presence of dsDNA in the cytosol of the cell. All these danger signals have been proved to activate the release of mature interleukin (IL)-1 through caspase-1 activation. Caspase-1 activation is dependent on the assembly of an intracellular protein platform termed the inflammasome, which is formed by an NLR receptor that is responsible for detecting such danger signals. Knowledge of the involvement of inflammasome activation by danger signals in different diseases is increasing every year and has emerged as responsible for the sterile inflammatory response. This concept of danger signals activating the immune system could be the origin of the complex cytokine network which orchestrates the inflammatory response.

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Acknowledgements

I thank members of my lab Alberto Baroja-Mazo and Carlos M. Martinez for comments and discussions, David Brough for critically reviewing the manuscript and Sebastien Roger for helpful discussion. Work in Pelegrín’s lab is supported by instituto de salud carlos iii (grants EMER07/049 and PS09/00120), Fundación Séneca (grant 11922/PI/09) and British Council through Alliance program (grant 09.027).

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  1. Inflammation and Experimental Surgery Group, University Hospital “Virgen de la Arrixaca”-CIBERhed, Murcia Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB)-FFIS, Carretera Madrid-Cartagena s/n, 30120, Murcia, Spain

    Pablo Pelegrín

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Correspondence to Pablo Pelegrín .

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  1. Institut de Transgénose, Labo. d'Immunologie et, CNRS, rue de la Férollerie 3B, Orléans CX 2, 45071, France

    Isabelle Couillin

  2. CNRS UMR 5201, Labo. Génétique et Cancer, Université de Lyon I, rue Laënnec 28, Lyon, 69008, France

    Virginie Pétrilli

  3. Dept. Immunology & Infectious, Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Huntington Ave. 651, Boston, 02115-6017, Massachusetts, USA

    Fabio Martinon

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Pelegrín, P. (2011). Inflammasome Activation by Danger Signals. In: Couillin, I., Pétrilli, V., Martinon, F. (eds) The Inflammasomes. Progress in Inflammation Research. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0148-5_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0148-5_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-0147-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-0148-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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