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Normal Anatomy and Histology of the Urinary Bladder with Pathologic Correlates

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Urinary Bladder Pathology

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Abstract

Attention of the pathologist to basic urinary bladder anatomy and histology is essential to accurately diagnose bladder pathology, as well as determine TNM staging for proper prognostic evaluation. In this chapter, the normal anatomy, histology, and benign pathology of the urinary bladder are reviewed, with emphasis on key points that the surgical pathologist should know. Topics covered herein include bladder cancer staging according to the most recent AJCC Staging Manual, differentiating muscularis propria from hypertrophic muscularis mucosa, gross evaluation and handling of bladder tumors, functional anatomy, urachal remnants, diverticula, exstrophy, ectopic prostate tissue, intestinal and squamous metaplasia, von Brunn nests/cystitis cystica and glandularis, nephrogenic adenoma, polypoid cystitis, types of inflammatory cystitis, malakoplakia, fibroepithelial polyp, and Mullerian lesions. Potential mimickers of malignancy are noted, and characteristics used to differentiate mimickers from malignant lesions are discussed. This chapter is therefore a useful reading for genitourinary pathologists, general surgical pathologists who encounter bladder cases, and pathology trainees.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

    Ziad M. El-Zaatari

  2. Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University/Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

    Jae Y. Ro

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  1. Ziad M. El-Zaatari
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Correspondence to Ziad M. El-Zaatari .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

    Haijun Zhou

  2. Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Charles C. Guo

  3. Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

    Jae Y. Ro

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El-Zaatari, Z.M., Ro, J.Y. (2021). Normal Anatomy and Histology of the Urinary Bladder with Pathologic Correlates. In: Zhou, H., Guo, C.C., Ro, J.Y. (eds) Urinary Bladder Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71509-0_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71509-0_2

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