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Nano-Based Materials and Their Synthesis

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Nanomaterials and Environmental Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences ((NALIS))

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Abstract

Nanotechnology is one of the most exigent and fastest-growing branches in the field of science and engineering. Metal nanoparticles produced by nanotechnology have received global attention due to their extensive applications in the biomedical and physiochemical fields. Synthesis of nanoparticles is conducted through physical, chemical, and biological or green method. A physical and chemical technique of synthesizing nanoparticles have proved to be quite expensive and potentially hazardous to the environment. Toxic and perilous chemicals involved in the synthesis of nanoparticles through chemical synthesis possess various biological risks and are responsible for several health diseases. Recently, synthesizing metal nanoparticles using microorganisms and plants has been extensively studied and has been recognized as a green and efficient way for further exploiting microorganisms as convenient manufactories. Microorganisms provide diverse environment for biosynthesis of nanoparticles. These particles are safe and eco-friendly with a lot of applications in medicine, agriculture, cosmetic industry, drug delivery, and biochemical sensors. The challenges for redressal include optimal production and minimal time to obtain desired size and shape, to enhance the stability of nanoparticles and optimization of specific microorganisms for specific application. Products from nature or those derived from natural products, such as extracts of various plants or parts of plants, tea, coffee, banana, simple amino acids, as well as wine, table sugar, and glucose, have been used as reductants and as capping agents during synthesis. Polyphenols found in plant material often play a key role in these processes. The techniques involved are simple, environmentally friendly, and generally one-pot processes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School for Environmental and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India

    Shalini Chaudhary

  2. Department of Energy Management, Sri Mata Visnao Devi University, Katra, India

    Atin Kumar Pathak

  3. Department of Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India

    Shamshad Ahmad

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  1. Shalini Chaudhary
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  2. Atin Kumar Pathak
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  3. Shamshad Ahmad
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Indu Bhushan

  2. School of Physics, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Vivek Kumar Singh

  3. Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Durgesh Kumar Tripathi

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Chaudhary, S., Pathak, A.K., Ahmad, S. (2020). Nano-Based Materials and Their Synthesis. In: Bhushan, I., Singh, V., Tripathi, D. (eds) Nanomaterials and Environmental Biotechnology. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34544-0_8

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