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Stem Cell Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis: An Exciting Challenge or a Treatment Hope

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Stem Cell Transplantation for Autoimmune Diseases and Inflammation

Part of the book series: Stem Cells in Clinical Applications ((SCCA))

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease in which release of various cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interferon gamma (IFNγ), can damage myelin, oligodendrocytes, and axons in the central nervous system (CNS). Like other degenerative diseases of CNS, MS treatment is only symptomatic and scientists are looking for a way to replace it with cell therapy. The stem cells are non-differentiated cells that can maintain the proliferation and production of precursor cells; thus, in response to specific stimuli, can be differentiated into the types of cells present in the body. Since researchers started treating patients with MS many years ago, some of the results are quite miraculous; they have seen deep nervous improvement in these patients. However, more research is needed to prove that MS patients experience only an interim improvement that sometimes happens in this disease. Recent research suggests and hopes that stem cell therapy will develop and propose a new and safe treatment approach to various diseases, especially neurodegenerative disorders such as MS in the near future. However, despite these impressive improvements, the treatment is not suitable for all patients. The results of a recent trial showed that this method only helped to improve the symptoms of approximately half the enrolled patients. Besides, there are also concerns about the potential for developing lethal diseases.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathies, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Fakher Rahim

  2. Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Fakher Rahim

  3. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

    Kiarash Shirbandi

  4. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Allied Health Sciences School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Rasoul Akbari

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  1. Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Phuc Van Pham

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Rahim, F., Shirbandi, K., Akbari, R. (2019). Stem Cell Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis: An Exciting Challenge or a Treatment Hope. In: Pham, P. (eds) Stem Cell Transplantation for Autoimmune Diseases and Inflammation. Stem Cells in Clinical Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23421-8_3

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