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Gut Microbiota Pattern of Centenarians

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Centenarians

Abstract

Numerous studies have identified the possible contributors to healthy ageing and longevity, including genetics, epigenetics, immunity, metabolism and gut microbiota. Gut microbiota not only can be comparatively easily manipulated, such as by diet intervention and calorie restriction, but also can shape the function of the host immune system and exert systemic metabolic effects. Thus, gut microbiota might be a contributor to the human longevity and a promising target for diagnostics of the health status. Since gut microbiota composition and function can be modulated, it has great promise in promoting healthy ageing. Gut microbiota has already been proved to affect the host longevity in animal models; however, relevant results need to be confirmed in further human studies. Thus, in order to determine the possible causative relationship between gut microbiota and longevity in humans, it is critical to obtain insights into the gut microbiota pattern in centenarians. In this chapter, we focus on the diverse patterns of gut microbiota in centenarians across populations and describe the possible network of longevity associated with gut microbiota regarding host immunity and metabolism.

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Funding

LKSF (DJK) and International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College (DJK) and Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation (DJK); Shantou University Medical College and University of Sassari Joint Ph.D. program (LW). DJK is a recipient of a Tier I Canada Research Chair in Vaccinology and Inflammation; “Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca” Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (MIUR, Italy)—Progetti di Ricerca di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale—PRIN 2015 (Prot. 20157ATSLF_002) (CC, AZ) and MIUR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Flagship InterOmics (cod. PB05) (CC, AZ and LM).

The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Immunology, International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China

    Lu Wu & David J. Kelvin

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy

    Lu Wu, Angelo Zinellu, Salvatore Rubino & Ciriaco Carru

  3. Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Italy

    Luciano Milanesi

  4. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

    David J. Kelvin

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  1. Lu Wu
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  2. Angelo Zinellu
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  4. Salvatore Rubino
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Correspondence to David J. Kelvin or Ciriaco Carru .

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  1. Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

    Calogero Caruso

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Wu, L., Zinellu, A., Milanesi, L., Rubino, S., Kelvin, D.J., Carru, C. (2019). Gut Microbiota Pattern of Centenarians. In: Caruso, C. (eds) Centenarians. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20762-5_9

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