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Esophageal Cancer

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Surgical Oncology

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Abstract

Esophageal cancer is a multifaceted disease that demands a multidisciplinary approach. Given its origin in the cervical neck and termination in the abdomen at the gastroesophageal junction, physicians should be aware of all the numerous treatment options and nuances. Adding yet another layer of complexity, the epithelium of the esophagus can transform into squamous cell carcinomas and the glandular components into adenocarcinomas. These two histologies have distinct origins and are often treated differently. For the majority of patients with resectable disease, the trimodality approach is the preferred approach, which consists of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation followed by surgical resection. For unresectable patients, definitive concurrent chemoradiation is the approach of choice. For metastatic patients, treatment with radiation and/or chemotherapy is often warranted, given the poor quality of life of those with malignant dysphagia.

The esophagus represents a very technically demanding area for the surgeon and despite the advances in chemotherapy and radiation oncology, the role of surgery continues to remain essential. The various surgical approaches including the transhiatal, transthoracic, minimally invasive techniques, as well as the extent of lymphadenectomy are discussed in detail.

The aim of this chapter is to cover the anatomy, epidemiology, pathology, and different treatment modalities to properly understand the rationale for the treatment of these complex patients. A brief review of the role of radiation oncology, chemotherapy, and the trials leading to the current treatment paradigms are included as well.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Mailstop 4033, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA

    John H. Park M.D.

  2. Department of General Surgery, Section of Surgical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Mailstop 2005, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA

    Peter J. DiPasco M.D. & Mazin F. Al-Kasspooles M.D.

  3. Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Westwood, KS, 66205, USA

    Joaquina C. Baranda M.D.

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  1. John H. Park M.D.
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  3. Joaquina C. Baranda M.D.
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  4. Mazin F. Al-Kasspooles M.D.
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Correspondence to Mazin F. Al-Kasspooles M.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA

    Quyen D. Chu

  2. Department of Surgery, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, New Jersey, USA

    John F. Gibbs

  3. John C. McDonald Regional Transplant Center, Willis Knighton Health System, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA

    Gazi B. Zibari

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Park, J.H., DiPasco, P.J., Baranda, J.C., Al-Kasspooles, M.F. (2015). Esophageal Cancer. In: Chu, Q., Gibbs, J., Zibari, G. (eds) Surgical Oncology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1423-4_8

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