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Vehicles for Oral Immunization

  • Chapter
Vaccine Design

Part of the book series: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ((PBIO,volume 6))

Abstract

New approaches to vaccine development have become possible since a common mucosal defense system was recognized whereby an antigen interacting with localized lymphoid tissue could stimulate IgA precursor cells that may then migrate to other mucosal surfaces (Craig and Cebra, 1971). Several oral vaccines have been shown to induce IgA responses at mucosal sites distal from that of the immunization, suggesting the feasibility of developing oral vaccines for protection against pathogens that gain entry through other mucosal routes (Table I). Mucosal surfaces represent the largest like-tissue type in vertebrates, providing an important anatomical, mechanical, and chemical barrier to the diverse environmental antigens of microbial and food origin, including pathogenic microorganisms, that are encountered daily. It is not surprising then that it is the most common portal of entry of ubiquitous viral, bacterial, and parasitic infectious agents. Oral immunization, by stimulating the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), presents a promising approach for protecting many secretory surfaces against a variety of infectious diseases. Not only are more lymphocytes found in the gut than in any organ in the body, but IgA is produced in twice the quantity of IgG, and more IgA is poured into the bowel each day than the combined IgG synthesized and released into the blood.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Emisphere Technologies, Inc., Hawthorne, New York, 10532, USA

    Noemi Santiago, Susan Haas & Robert A. Baughman

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  1. Noemi Santiago
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  2. Susan Haas
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  3. Robert A. Baughman
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA

    Michael F. Powell

  2. Vaxcel, Inc., Norcross, Georgia, USA

    Mark J. Newman

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© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Santiago, N., Haas, S., Baughman, R.A. (1995). Vehicles for Oral Immunization. In: Powell, M.F., Newman, M.J. (eds) Vaccine Design. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, vol 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1823-5_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1823-5_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5737-7

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