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Use of Contrast Agents in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

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Pediatric Dialysis

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Abstract

Contrast media have been used in diagnostic imaging since the late 1800s and have evolved over the decades. Contrast media facilitate the interpretation of medical imaging by increasing the differences seen between body tissues displayed on the images. Through various mechanisms, contrast media influence a tissue or organ’s ability to absorb or reflect energy from electromagnetic radiation or ultrasound. These agents are commonly used with many imaging techniques including conventional radiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound.

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Abbreviations

CIN:

contrast-induced nephropathy

CT:

computed tomography

ESRD:

end-stage renal disease

GCCA:

gadolinium-containing contrast agents

Gd:

gadolinium

GFR:

glomerular filtration rate

HD:

hemodialysis

HOCM:

high-osmolar contrast media

IOCM:

iso-osmolar contrast media

LOCM:

low-osmolar contrast media

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

NSF:

nephrogenic systemic fibrosis

PD:

peritoneal dialysis

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Carlos E. Araya MD & Vikas R. Dharnidharka MD, MPH

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  1. Carlos E. Araya MD
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  2. Vikas R. Dharnidharka MD, MPH
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Correspondence to Vikas R. Dharnidharka MD, MPH .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Children’s Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kansas City, 64108, Missouri, USA

    Bradley A. Warady

  2. Center for Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 150, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany

    Franz Schaefer

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Welch Road 770, Palo Alto, 94304, California, USA

    Steven R. Alexander

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Araya, C.E., Dharnidharka, V.R. (2012). Use of Contrast Agents in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease. In: Warady, B., Schaefer, F., Alexander, S. (eds) Pediatric Dialysis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0721-8_32

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