Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Systemic Complications after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

  • Conference paper
Intensive Care Medicine

  • 2177 Accesses

Abstract

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a neurologic emergency that affects an estimated 10 individuals in a population of 100, 000 annually, and is associated with high mortality rates and significant morbidity among survivors [1, 2]. The most important independent determinants of outcome include neurological status on admission [3–8], age [3, 5, 7–9], large aneurysm size (< 10 mm) [6], and aneurysm rebleeding [10–12].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ingall T, Asplund K, Mahonen M, Bonita R (2000) A multinational comparison of subarachnoid hemorrhage epidemiology in the WHO MONICA stroke study. Stroke 31: 1054–1061

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Hop JW, Rinkel GJ, Algra A, van Gijn J (2001) Changes in functional outcome and quality of life in patients and caregivers after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 95: 957–963

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Hutter BO, Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Gilsbach JA (2001) Health-related quality of life after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Impacts of bleeding severity, computerized tomography findings, surgery, vasospasm, and neurological grade. J Neurosurg 94: 241–251

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Germanson TP, Lanzino G, Kongable GL, et al (1998) Risk classification after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Surg Neurol 49: 155–163

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Rabinstein AA, Friedman JA, Nichols DA, et al (2004) Predictors of outcome after endovascular treatment of cerebral vasospasm. Am J Neuroradiol 25: 1778–1782

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Claassen J, Carhuapoma JR, Kreiter KT, et al (2002) Global cerebral edema after subarachnoid hemorrhage: Frequency, predictors and impact on outcome. Stroke 33: 1225–1232

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Lagares A, Goméz PA, Lobate RD, et al (2001) Prognostic factors on hospital admission after spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochir 143: 665–672

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Sarrafzadeh A, Haux D, Kuchler I, et al (2004) Poor grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: relationship of cerebral metabolism to outcome. J Neurosurg 100: 400–406

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lanzino G, Kassell NF, Germanson TP, et al (1996) Age and outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Why do older patients fare worse? J Neurosurg 85: 410–418

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Roos YBWEM, Beenen LFM, Groen RJM, et al (1997) Timing of surgery in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Rebleeding is still the major cause of poor outcome in neurosurgical units that aim at early surgery. J Neurol Neurosurg Psych 63: 490–493

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Shimoda M, Jada S, Tsugane R, et al (1997) Prognostic factors in delayed ischaemic deficit with vasospasm in patients undergoing early aneurysm surgery. Br J Neurosurg 11: 210–215

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Naidech AM, [anjua N, Kreiter KT, et al (2005) Predictors and impact of aneurysm rebleeding after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Arch Neurol 62: 410–416

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Solenski NJ, Haley Jr EC, Kassell NF, et al (1995) Medical complications of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a report of the multicenter, cooperative aneurysm study. Participants of the multicenter cooperative aneurysm study. Crit Care Med 23: 1007–1017

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Gruber A, Reinprecht A, Illievich UM, et al (1999) Extracerebral organ dysfunction and neurologic outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 27: 505–514

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Claassen J, Vu A, Kreiter KT, et al (2004) Effect of acute physiologic derangements on outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 32: 832–838

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Gruber A, Reinprecht A, Gorzer H, et al (1998) Pulmonary function and radiographic abnor malities related to neurological outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 88: 28–37

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Wartenberg K, Schmidt JM, Claassen J, et al (2006) Impact of medical complications on outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage Crit Care Med 34: 617–623

    Google Scholar 

  18. Macrea LM, Tramer MR, Walder B (2005) Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage and serious cardiopulmonary dysfunction. A systematic review. Resuscitation 65: 139–148

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Naidech AM, Kreiter KT, Janjua N, et al (2005) Cardiac troponin elevation, cardiovascular morbidity, and outcome after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Circulation 112: 2851–2856

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Bulsara KR, MCGirt MJ, Liao L, et al (2003) Use of the peak troponin value to differentiate myocardial infarction from reversible neurogenic left ventricular dysfunction associated with aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 98: 524–528 2003

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Van der Bilt lAC, Hasan D, Vandertop WP, et al (2009) Impact of cardiac complications on outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. A meta-analysis. Neurology 72: 635–642

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Hays A, Diringer MN (2006) Elevated troponin levels are associated with higher mortality following intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology 66: 1330–1334

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Banki N, Kopelnik A, Tung P, et al (2006) Prospective analysis of prevalence, distribution, and rate of recovery of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 105: 15–20

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Kopelnik A, Fisher L, Miss JC (2005) Prevalence and implications of diastolic dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 3: 132–138

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Lee VH, Oh JK, Mulvagh SL, Wijdicks EF (2006) Mechanisms in neurogenic stress cardiomyopathy after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 5: 243–249

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Lee VH, Connolly HM, Fulgham JR, Manno EM, Brown RD Jr, Wijdicks EF (2006) Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: an underappreciated ventricular dysfunction J Neurosurg 105: 264–270

    Google Scholar 

  27. Wittstein IS, Thiemann DR, Lima JAC, et al (2005) Neurohumoral features of myocardial stunning due to sudden emotional stress. N Engl J Med 352: 539–48.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Friedman AJ, Pichelmann MA, Piepgras DG, et al (2003) Pulmonary complications of aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 52: 1025–1032

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Sirvent JM, Torres A, EI-Ebiary M, Castro P, de Batlle J, Bonet A (1997) Protective effect of intravenously administered cefuroxime against nosocomial pneumonia in patients with structural coma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 155: 1729–1734

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Acquarolo A, Urli T, Perone G, Giannotti G, Candiani A, Latronico N (2005) Antibiotic prophylaxis of early onset pneumonia in critically ill comatose patients. A randomized study. Intensive Care Med 31: 510–516

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Verhamme KMC, De Coster W De Roo L, et al (2007) Pathogens in early-onset and late-onset intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 28: 389–397

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Theodore J, Robin ED. Speculations on neurogenic pulmonary edema. Am Rev Respir Dis 113: 405–409

    Google Scholar 

  33. Muroi C, Keller M, Pangalu A, Fortunati M, Yonekawa Y, Keller E (2008) Neurogenic pulmonary edema in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 20: 188–192

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Kahn JM, Caldwell EC, Deem S (2006) Acute lung injury in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: Incidence, risk factors, and outcome. Crit Care Med 34: 196–202

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Albrecht RF, Wass CT, Lanier WL (1998) Occurrence of potentially detrimental temperature alterations in hospitalized patients at risk for brain injury. Mayo Clin Proc 73: 629–635.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Fernandez A, Schmidt JM, Claassen J, et al (2007) Fever after subarachnoid hemorrhage: Risk factors and impact on outcome. Neurology 68: 1013–1019

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Badjatia N (2009) Fever control in the neuro-ICU: why, who, and when? Curr Opin Crit Care 15: 79–82

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Naidech A, Jovanovic B, Wartenberg KE (2007) Higher hemoglobin is associated with improved outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 35: 2383–2389

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Kramer AH, Gurka MJ, Nathan B, Dumont AS, Kassell NF, Bleck TP (2008) Complications associated with anemia and blood transfusion in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 36: 2070–2075

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Marik PE, Corwin HL (2008) Efficacy of red blood cell transfusion in the critically ill: A systematic review of the literature. Crit Care Med 36: 2667–2674

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. The NICE-SUGAR Study Investigators (2009) Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients, N Eng J Med 360: 1283–1297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al (2001) Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 345: 1359–1367

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Van den Berghe G, Wilmer A, Hermans G, et al (2006) Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU. N Engl J Med 354: 449–461

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Vespa P, Boonyaputthikul R, McArthur DL, et al (2006) Intensive insulin therapy reduces microdialysis glucose values without altering glucose utilization or improving the lactate! pyruvate ratio after traumatic brain injury. Crit Care Med 34: 850–856

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Oddo M, Schmidt JM, Mayer SA, Chiolero RL (2008) Glucose control after severe brain injury. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 11: 134–139

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Stevens RD, Nyquist PA (2007) The systemic implications of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurol Sci 261: 143–156

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Leblanc PE, Cheisson G, Geeraerts T, Tazarourte K, Duranteau J, Vigue B (2007) Does cerebral salt wasting syndrome exist? Ann Fr Anesth Reanimation 26: 948–953

    Google Scholar 

  48. Du Cheyron D, Lesage A, Daubin C, Ramakers M, Charbonneau P (2003) Hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism: a possible etiological factor of septic shock-induced acute renal failure. Intensive Care Med 29: 1703–1709

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Wijdicks EF, Vermeulen M, ten Haaf JA, Hijdra A, Bakker WH, Van Gijn J (1985) Volume depletion and natriuresis in patients with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Ann Neurol 18: 211–216

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Wijdicks EF, Vermeulen M, Hijdra A, van Gijn J (1985) Hyponatremia and cerebral infarction in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms: is fluid restriction harmful? Ann Neurol 17: 137–140

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Catholic University School of Medicine, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy

    A. Caricato, R. Maviglia & M. Antonelli

Authors
  1. A. Caricato
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Maviglia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Antonelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Intensive Care Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium

    Jean-Louis Vincent MD, PhD, FCCM, FCCP (Head) (Head)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science + Business Media Inc.

About this paper

Cite this paper

Caricato, A., Maviglia, R., Antonelli, M. (2010). Systemic Complications after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Intensive Care Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5562-3_40

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5562-3_40

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-5561-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-5562-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation