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Stem Cell System of Sponge

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Stem Cells

The stem cell system is one of the unique systems that have evolved in multicellular, but not unicellular, organisms. To understand the principle stem cell system in metazoans, it is important to discover the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the stem cell system in sponges (Porifera), the evolutionarily oldest living multicellular organisms. The pluripotency of sponge cells called archeocytes is suggested by basic histological studies and it is generally accepted that archeocytes are the stem cells in sponges. Germ cells are reported to originate from archeocytes or choanocytes, suggesting that choanocytes maintain pluripotency even after they have fully differentiated to have a collar, flagellum and the function of nutrient entrapment. Recently, increasing molecular biological studies of sponges have been reported, including the identification of lineage-specific molecular markers. The stem cell system of sponge is discussed here based on both histological and molecular biological studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biophysics, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan

    Noriko Funayama

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  1. Noriko Funayama
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany

    Thomas C. G. Bosch

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Funayama, N. (2008). Stem Cell System of Sponge. In: Bosch, T.C.G. (eds) Stem Cells. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8274-0_2

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