Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Micropropagation of Woody Plants

  • Chapter
Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Markers

Abstract

Micropropagation protocols for cloning of mature trees of Balanites aegyptiaca, the Hingota (Balanitaceae); Citrus limon, the Nimbu (Rutaceae) and Syzygium cuminii, the Jamun (Myrtaceae) have been developed. In order to harvest responsive nodal explants the mother tree(s) were pruned during the winter. Fresh shoot sprouts derived from the trees were used as explants. The nodal explants produced multiple shoots in vitro by activation of axillary meristems on MS medium + 0.45 µM BAP. Shoots were further multiplied in culture by (i) repeated transfer of the mother explants and (ii) the subculturing of the nodal segments of in vitro differentiated shoots. Shoots multiplication in Citrus limon could be achieved by amendment of the nutrient medium. The in vitro cloned shoots of the three species were rooted in vitro and ex vitro. Ex vitro root induction was followed to produce plants. Micropropagated plants were hardened in the green house. The hardened and acclimatized plants were transferred to pots and subsequently to field. The cloned plants are growing normal. The protocols defined are reproducible. These can be used for mass multiplication of selected clones and genetic improvement of these species.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. E.F. George, Plant propagation by tissue culture I: The Technology, Exegenetics Ltd., Edington, UK, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  2. J.M. Martinez-Zapater, J. Salinas, Arabidopsis protocols. Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, USA, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  3. R.D. Hall, Plant Cell Culture Initiation: Practical Tips. Molecular Biotechnology 16 (2000) 161–173.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. H.E. Street (Ed), Tissue Culture and Plant Science. Academic Press, New York, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  5. G.G. Henshaw, J.F. O’Hara, K.J. Webb, Morphogenetic studies in plant tissue cultures, in: M.M. Yeoman D.E.S. Truman (Eds) Differentiation in vitro: British Society for Cell Biology Symposium-4. Cambridge University Press, UK, 1982, pp. 231–251.

    Google Scholar 

  6. R.L.M. Pierik, In vitro culture of higher plants. Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  7. K.L. Giles, K.R.D. Friesen, Micropropagation, in: P.D. Shargool, T.T. Ngo (Eds) Biotechnological Applications of Plant Culture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 1994, pp. 111–128.

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. Aitken-christie, T. Kozai, M.A.L. Smith, Automation and environmental control in plant tissue culture. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  9. T. Kozai, C. Kubota, B.R. Jeong, Environmental control for the large-scale production of plants through in vitro techniques. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 51 (1997) 49–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Altman, B. Loberant, Micropropagation: Clonal propagation in vitro, in: A. Altman (Ed) Agricultural Biotechnology. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1998, pp. 19–42.

    Google Scholar 

  11. J.M. Bonga, Clonal propagation of mature trees: problems and possible solutions, in: J.M. Bonga, D.J. Durzan (Eds) Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry, Vol. I. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht, 1987, pp. 249–271.

    Google Scholar 

  12. B.E. Haissig, N.D. Nelson, G.H. Kidd, Trends in the use of tissue culture in forest improvement. Biotechnology 5 (1997) 52–87.

    Google Scholar 

  13. I.S. Harry, T.A. Thorpe, In vitro culture of forest trees, in: I.K. Vasil, T.A. Thorpe (Eds) Plant Cell and Tissue Culture. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1994, pp. 539–560.

    Google Scholar 

  14. W.P. Hacket, Juvenility, maturation and rejuvenation in woody plants. Horticultural Review 7 (1985) 109–155.

    Google Scholar 

  15. R.L.M. Pierik, Rejuvenation and micropropagation, in: H.J.J. Nijkamp, L.H.W., Van Der Plas, K. Van Aartrijk (Eds) Progress in Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990, pp. 91–101.

    Google Scholar 

  16. R.H. Smith, Plant Tissue Culture: Techniques and Experiments. Second edition. Academic Press, San Diego, USA, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Q.T. Nguyen, T. Kozai, Environmental effects on the growth of plantlets in micropropagation. Environment Control in Biol. 36 (1998) 59–75.

    Google Scholar 

  18. G. Lakshmi Sita, C.S. Vaidyanathan, T. Ramakrishnan, Applied aspects of plant tissue culture with special reference to tree improvement. Current Science 51 (1982) 88–92.

    Google Scholar 

  19. N.S. Shekhawat, B.M. Johri, P.S. Srivastava, Morphogenesis and plant tissue culture, in: B.M. Johri (Ed) Botany in India: History and Progress, Vol. II. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1994, pp. 307–356.

    Google Scholar 

  20. N.S. Shekhawat, M.H. Mughal, B.M. Johri, P.S. Srivastava, Indian contribution to plant tissue and organ culture, in: P.S. Srivastava (Ed) Plant Tissue Culture and Molecular Biology: Applications and Prospects. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 1998, pp. 751–811.

    Google Scholar 

  21. S. Govil, S.C. Gupta, Commercialization of plant tissue culture in India. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 51 (1997) 65–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Manju Sharma, Biodiversity conservation and socio-economic development: role and relevance of biotechnology, in: Nandi, S.K., Palni, L.M.S., A. Kumar (Eds) Role of Plant Tissue Culture in Biodiversity Conservation and Economic Development. G.B. Institute of Himalayan Environments and Development, Himavikas Occassional Publication No. 15 Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, India, 2002, pp. 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  23. R. Bhati, N.S. Shekhawat, H.C. Arya, In vitro regeneration of plantlets from root segments of Aegle marmelos, Indian J. Experimental Biology 30 (1992) 844–845.

    Google Scholar 

  24. N.S. Deora, N.S. Shekhawat, Micropropagation of Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew—a tree of arid horticulture, Plant Cell Reports 15 (1995) 278–281.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. V. Arya, R.P. Singh, N.S. Shekhawat, A micropropagation protocol for mass multiplication and off-site conservation of Celastrus paniculatus—A vulnerable medicinal plant of India. J. Sustainable Forestry 14 (2002) 107–120.

    Google Scholar 

  26. T.S. Rathore, N.S. Deora, N.S. Shekhawat, Cloning of Maytenus emarginata (Wild.) Ding Hou—a tree of the Indian Desert, through tissue culture. Plant Cell Reports 11 (1992) 449–451.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. T.S. Rathore, R.P. Singh, N.S. Deora, N.S. Shekhawat, Clonal propagation of Zizyphus species through tissue culture. Scientia Horticulturae 51 (1992) 165–168.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. N.S. Shekhawat, T.S. Rathore, R.P. Singh, N.S. Deora, S.R. Rao, Factors affecting in vitro clonal propagation of Prosopis cineraria. Plant Growth Regulation 12 (1993) 273–280.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. T.S. Rathore, R.P. Singh, N.S. Shekhawat, Clonal propagation of desert teak (Tecomella undulata) through tissue culture. Plant Science 79 (1991) 217–222.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. R. Joshi, N.S. Shekhawat, T.S. Rathore, Micropropagation of Anogeissus pendula Edgew—an arid forest tree. Indian J. Experimental Biology 29 (1991) 615–618.

    Google Scholar 

  31. G. Kaur, R.P. Singh, T.S. Rathore, N.S. Shekhawat, In vitro propagation of Anogeissus sericea. Indian J. Experimental Biology 30 (1992) 788–791.

    Google Scholar 

  32. T.S. Rathore, N.S. Deora, N.S. Shekhawat, R.P. Singh, Rapid micropropagation of a tree of a rid forestry, Anogeissus accuminata. Biologia Plantarum 35 (1993) 381–386.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. R.P. Singh, N.S. Shekhawat, Micropropagation of Anogeissus rotundifolia Blatt. and Hallb.—An endemic and rare tree of the Thar desert. J. Sustainable Forestry 4 (1997) 159–170.

    Google Scholar 

  34. N.S. Shekhawat, J. Yadav, V. Arya, R.P. Singh, Micropropagation of Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. Ex. DC.) Wall. Ex. Guill. & Perr.—a tree of fragile ecosystems. J. Sustainable Forestry 11 (2000) 83–96.

    Google Scholar 

  35. J. Yadav, N. Choudhary, M.S. Shekhawat, J.S. Rathore, V. Arya, S.R. Vishnoi, V. Rathore, R.P. Singh, N.S. Shekhawat, Micropropagation of plants of arid zones: achievements and limitation, in: Nandi, S.K., Palni, L.M.S., A. Kumar (Eds) Role of Plant Tissue Culture in Biodiversity Conservation and Economic Development. G.B. Institute of Himalayan Environments and Development. Himavikas Occassional Publication No. 15, Kosi-Kartmal, Almora (India), 2002, pp. 11–28.

    Google Scholar 

  36. S. Saxena, V. Dhawan, Large-scale production of Anogeissus pendula and A. latifolia by micropropagation. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol.-Plant 37 (2001) 586–591.

    Google Scholar 

  37. V. Singh, R.P. Pandey, Ethanobotany of Rajasthan, India. Scientific Publishers (India), Jodhpur, 1998, pp. 54–55.

    Google Scholar 

  38. U. Yadav, M. Lal, V.S. Jaiswal, In vitro micropropagation of the tropical fruit tree Syzygium cuminii. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 21 (1990) 87–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. T. Murashige, F. Skoog, A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15 (1962) 473–497.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. W.M. Cheliak, D.L. Rogers, Integrating biotechnology into tree improvement programs. Canadian J. Forest Research 20 (1990) 452–463.

    Google Scholar 

  41. M. Boulay, Conifer Micropropagation: Applied research and commercial aspects, in: J.M. Bonga, D.J. Durzan (Eds) Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry, Vol. I. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht,1987.

    Google Scholar 

  42. H.C. Chaturvedi, S.K. Singh, A.K. Sharma, S. Agnihotri, Citrus tissue culture employing vegetative explants. Indian J. Experimental Biology 39(2001) 1080–1095.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. J.M. Bonga, P. Von Aderkas, In vitro culture of trees. Forestry Sciences, Vol 38, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  44. M.A.L. McClellan, Z.B. Smith, Carothers, the effect of in vitro and ex vitro root initiation on subsequent microcutting root quality in three woody plants. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 23 (1990) 115–123.

    Google Scholar 

  45. E. Epstein, J. Ludwig-Muller, Indole-3-butyric acid in plants: occurrence, synthesis, metabolism and transport. Physiol. Plant. 88 (1993) 382–389.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. W.M. Van der Krieken, H. Breteler, M.H.M. Visser, D. Mavridou, The role of the conversion of IBA into IAA on root regeneration in apple: introduction of a test system. Plant Cell Reports 12 (1993) 203–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. N. Jain, S.B. Babbar, Recurrent production of plants of Black-plum, Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels, a myrtaceous fruit tree, from in vitro cultured seedling explants. Plant Cell Reports 19 (2000) 519–524.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. A. Anand, C. Srinivas Rao, P. Balakrishna, In vitro propagation of Syzygium travancoricum Gamble—an endangered tree species. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 56 (1999) 59–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. K.M. Mathew, M. Hariharan, In vitro multiple shoot regeneration in Syzygium aromaticum. Ann. Bot. 65 (1990) 277–279.

    Google Scholar 

  50. P.S. Shah Valli Khan, E. Prakash, K.R. Rao, In vitro micropropagation of an endemic fruit tree Syzygium alternifolium (Wight) Walp. Plant Cell Reports 16 (1997) 325–328.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Unit, Department of Botany, JNV University, Jodhpur, 342 001, India

    J.S. Rathore, Vinod Rathore, N.S. Shekhawat, G. Liler, Mahendra Phulwaria & H.R. Dagla

  2. Department of Botany, Shri B.R.M. Govt. College, Nagaur, Rajasthan, India

    R.P. Singh

Authors
  1. J.S. Rathore
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vinod Rathore
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. N.S. Shekhawat
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. R.P. Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. G. Liler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Mahendra Phulwaria
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. H.R. Dagla
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, Centre for Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India

    P.S. Srivastava  & Alka Narula  & 

  2. Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India

    Sheela Srivastava

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Anamaya Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rathore, J. et al. (2004). Micropropagation of Woody Plants. In: Srivastava, P., Narula, A., Srivastava, S. (eds) Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Markers. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3213-7_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation