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NO Synthesis and NOS Regulation

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Signal Transduction by Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species: Pathways and Chemical Principles

Conclusions

Of the three established NOS isozymes, nNOS and eNOS are low output, Ca2+-activated enzymes whose main physiological function is signal transduction. They usually show a constitutive, basal expression, which however, can be modified by various agents and conditions. In addition to the intracellular Ca2+ level, post-translational modifications and the subcellular targeting of these enzymes determine their activity. iNOS is a high output enzyme that can produce cytotoxic amounts of NO. iNOS is mainly regulated at the level of expression, with transcriptional, post-transcriptional and translational mechanisms involved. The stimuli and conditions that determine iNOS expression are cell- and species-specific. Once expressed, iNOS does not seem to be subject to any major regulation of its enzymatic activity. Thus, nature has invented a large array of regulatory mechanisms controlling the production of the pluripotent molecule NO.

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Authors
  1. Ulrich Forstermann
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  2. Huige Li
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  3. Petra M. Schwarz
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  4. Hartmut Kleinert
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    Henry Jay Forman

  2. University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Jon Fukuto

  3. Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Martine Torres

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© 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers

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Forstermann, U., Li, H., Schwarz, P.M., Kleinert, H. (2003). NO Synthesis and NOS Regulation. In: Forman, H.J., Fukuto, J., Torres, M. (eds) Signal Transduction by Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species: Pathways and Chemical Principles. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48412-9_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48412-9_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-1117-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-306-48412-4

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