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Spatial and Temporal Discontinuities of Biological Processes in Pelagic Surface Waters

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Toward a Theory on Biological-Physical Interactions in the World Ocean

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIC,volume 239))

Abstract

The classical paradigm of an unproductive, nutrient-poor pelagic zone where primary production is fueled almost exclusively by nutrient regeneration processes, appears at odds with the contemporary view that new primary production, supported by a stoichiometric input of oxidized nutrients into the euphotic zone, is considerably higher than previously thought. One way to accomodate both scenarios is to invoke the two layer concept in which the bulk of new primary production occurs at or near the base of the euphotic zone in response to pulsed injections of NO3 - and PO4 3-. Productivity in the upper euphotic zone where nutrients and biomass are trapped would be regulated almost exclusively by regenerative and degradative processes that occur within the microbial food loop. Since the microbial food loop which consists of a tightly-knit assemblage of phototrophic and heterotrophic nanno- and picoplankton persists throughout the euphotic zone, most of the energy and carbon processed by these small microbes would be lost through respiration and thus would not contribute to new production exiting to deeper waters. This raises the perplexing question of how biological processes are coupled to the input of new nutrients which, in turn, is controlled by physical events that occur on greatly varying temporal and spatial scales. Possibly, short-lived, local mixing events provide the right combination of light and new nutrients to allow rapid and undetected bursts of growth of larger phytoplankton species, in effect, creating ephemeral eutrophication zones. The resulting food chain may be short and simple so that newly fixed carbon can exit the euphotic zone rapidly while leaving behind an oxygen signal.

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  1. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA

    Joel C. Goldman

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  1. Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies, University of Maryland, Solomons, Maryland, 20688, USA

    B. J. Rothschild

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Goldman, J.C. (1988). Spatial and Temporal Discontinuities of Biological Processes in Pelagic Surface Waters. In: Rothschild, B.J. (eds) Toward a Theory on Biological-Physical Interactions in the World Ocean. NATO ASI Series, vol 239. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3023-0_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3023-0_15

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