Skip to main content

The Demography of Asexuality

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
International Handbook on the Demography of Sexuality

Part of the book series: International Handbooks of Population ((IHOP,volume 5))

Abstract

Asexuality has begun to receive both academic (e.g., Bogaert 2004, 2006a, 2008; Prause and Graham 2007; Brotto et al. 2010; Poston and Baumle 2010) and public (e.g., New Scientist; Pagán Westfall 2004) attention. Why does the study of asexuality matter, aside from the scientific and public curiosity about a sexual minority that has been overlooked until recently? A person’s sexuality, particularly as basic as whether he or she is asexual or not, may play a profound role in their social circumstances and life choices, including whether they marry or not, whether they have children or not, and their mental and physical health (e.g., atypical hormonal profile; lower STI risk, etc.). Thus, the study of asexuality is relevant to a number of demographic issues such as health, marriage, and fertility.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 299.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    A significant gender difference emerged in both the weighted and unweighted analyses in Bogaert (2004).

  2. 2.

    Unlike NATSAL-I, there was a question on sexual interest/desire in NATSAL-II. Unfortunately, 44 of the asexual people were coded as having inapplicable responses, either because they did not have sexual experience or because they did not report sexual desire issues (or any other sexual issue) as a problem. Thus, the investigators did not make a distinction as to how they grouped people as having “inapplicable” responses. Even if the investigators did make a distinction, however, a more appropriate question in the context of this research issue is whether asexual people experience no/low desire (not whether they consider low desire or lack of interest a problem).

References

  • Bailey, J. M., Dunne, M. P., & Martin, N. G. (2000). Genetic and environmental influences on sexual orientation and its correlates in an Australian twin sample. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 524–536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baumeister, R. F. (2000). Gender differences in erotic plasticity: The female sex drive as socially flexible and responsive. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 347–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bem, D. J. (1996). Exotic becomes erotic: A developmental theory of sexual orientation. Psychological Review, 103, 320–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R., & Bogaert, A. F. (1996). Biodemographic comparisons of homosexual and heterosexual men in the Kinsey interview data. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 25, 551–579.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (1996). Volunteer bias in males: Evidence for both personality and sexuality differences. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 25, 125–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (1998). Physical development and sexual orientation in women: Height, weight, and age at puberty comparisons. Personality and Individual Differences, 24, 115–121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2001). Handedness, criminality, and sexual offending. Neuropsychologia, 39, 465–469.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2003a). The interaction of fraternal birth order and height in the prediction of sexual orientation in men. Behavioral Neuroscience, 117, 381–384.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2003b). Number of older brothers and sexual orientation: New tests and attraction/behavior distinction in two national probability samples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 644–652.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2004). Asexuality: Its prevalence and associated factors in a national probability sample. Journal of Sex Research, 41, 279–287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2006a). Toward a conceptual understanding of asexuality. Review of General Psychology, 10, 241–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2006b). Biological versus nonbiological older brothers and sexual orientation in men. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103, 10771–10774.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2007). Extreme right handedness, older brothers, and sexual orientation in men. Neuro­psychology, 21, 141–148.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2008). Asexuality. In J. T. Sears (Ed.), Encyclopedia of sex, love and culture, Vol 6: The 20th and 21st centuries. Westport: Greenwood Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2012a). Understanding asexuality. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F. (2012b). Asexuality and autochorissexualism (identity-less sexuality). Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41, 1513–1514.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F., & Blanchard, R. (1996). Physical development and sexual orientation in men: Height, weight, and onset of puberty differences. Personality and Individual Differences, 21, 77–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, A. F., & Friesen, C. (2002). Sexual orientation and height, weight, and age of puberty: New tests from a British national probability sample. Biological Psychology, 59, 135–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brotto, L., Chik, H., Ryder, A. G., Gorzalka, B., & Seal, B. N. (2005). Acculturation and sexual function in Asian women. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 34, 613–626.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brotto, L. A., Knudson, G., Inskip, J., Rhodes, K., & Erskine, Y. (2010). Asexuality: A mixed methods approach. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 599–618.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chasin, C. J. D. (2011). Theoretical issues in the study of asexuality. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 713–723. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9757-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Comings, D. E. (1994). Role of genetic factors in human sexual behavior based on studies of Tourette syndrome and ADHD probands and their relatives. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 54, 227–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Copas, A. J., Wellings, K., Erens, B., Mercer, C. H., McManus, S., Fenton, K. A., Korovessis, C., Macdowall, W., Nanchaha, K., & Johnson, A. M. (2002). The accuracy of reported sensitive sexual behaviour in Britain: Exploring the extent of change 1990–2000. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 78, 26–30. doi:10.1136/sti.78.1.26\.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, L. M. (2003). What does sexual orientation orient? A biobehavioral model distinguishing romantic love and sexual desire. Psychological Review, 110, 173–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, L., & Ames, M. A. (1987). Neurohormonal functioning and sexual orientation: A theory of homosexuality-heterosexuality. Psychological Bulletin, 101, 233–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grumbach, M. M., & Styne, D. M. (1992). Puberty: Ontogeny, neuroendocrinology, physiology, and disorders. In J. D. Wilson & D. W. Foster (Eds.), Williams textbook of endocrinology (8th ed., pp. 1139–1221). Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heiman, J. R. (1977). A psychophysiological exploration of sexual arousal patterns in females and males. Psychophysiology, 14, 266–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, A., Wadsworth, J., Wellings, K., & Field, J. (1994). Sexual attitudes and lifestyles. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, A., Mercer, C. H., Erens, B., Copas, A. J., McManus, S., Wellings, K., Fenton, K. A., Korovessis, C., Macdowall, W., Nanchahal, K., Purdon, S., & Field, J. (2001). Sexual behavior in Britain: Partnerships, practices, and HIV risk behaviors. The Lancet, 358, 1835–1842.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laan, E., Everaerd, W., van Bellen, G., & Hanewald, G. (1994). Women’s sexual and emotional arousal responses to male- and female-produced erotica. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 23, 153–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lalumière, M. L., Blanchard, R., & Zucker, K. J. (2000). Sexual orientation and handedness in men and women: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 575–592.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laumann, E. O., Gagnon, J. H., Michael, R. T., & Michaels, S. (1994). The social organization of sexuality: Sexual practices in the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • LeVay, S. (1991). A difference in hypothalamic structure between homosexual and heterosexual men. Science, 253, 1034–1037.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Money, J. (1988). Gay, straight, and in-between. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morokoff, P. J. (1986). Volunteer bias in the psychophysiological study of female sexuality. Journal of Sex Research, 22, 35–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mosher, W. D., Chandra, A., & Jones, J. (2005). Sexual behavior and selected health measures: Men and women 15–44 years of age, United States, 2002. Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics, 362, 1–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Centre for Social Research, Johnson, A., Fenton, K. A., Copas, A., Mercer, C., McCadden, A., Carder, C., Ridgway, G., Wellings, K., Macdowall, W., & Nanchahal, K. (2005, August). National survey of sexual attitudes and lifestyles II, 20002001 [computer file]. Colchester: UK Data Archive [distributor]. SN: 5223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, M., & Hyde, J. S. (1993). Gender differences in sexuality: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 29–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pagán Westfall, S. (2004, October 16). Glad to be a. New Scientist, 184, 40–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poston, D. L., Jr., & Baumle, A. K. (2010). Patterns of asexuality in the United States. Demograpic Research, 23, 509–530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prause, N., & Graham, C. A. (2007). Asexuality: Classification and categorization. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 36, 341–356. doi:10.1007/s10508-006-9142-3

    Google Scholar 

  • Saunders, D. M., Fisher, W. A., Hewitt, E. C., & Clayton, J. P. (1985). A method for empirically assessing volunteer selection effects: Recruitment procedures and responses to erotica. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 1703–1712.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Storms, M. D. (1980). Theories of sexual orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 783–792. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.38.5.783

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Storms, M. D. (1981). A theory of erotic orientation development. Psychological Review, 88, 340–353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wellings, K., Field, J., Johnson, A., & Wadsworth, J. (1994). Sexual behavior in Britain: The national survey of sexual attitudes and lifestyles. London: Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, T., Pepitone, M. E., Christensen, S. E., Cooke, B. M., Huberman, A. D., Breedlove, N. J., et al. (2000). Finger length patterns and human sexual orientation. Nature, 404, 455–456.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yeo, R. A., & Gangestad, S. W. (1993). Developmental origins of variation in human hand preference. Genetica, 89, 281–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yeo, R. A., Gangestad, S. W., & Daniel, W. F. (1993). Hand preference and developmental instability. Psychobiology, 21, 161–168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zucker, K. J., & Bradley, S. J. (1995). Gender identity disorder and psychosexual problems in children and adolescents. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anthony F. Bogaert .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bogaert, A.F. (2013). The Demography of Asexuality. In: Baumle, A. (eds) International Handbook on the Demography of Sexuality. International Handbooks of Population, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5512-3_15

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics