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Horizontal Gene Transfer in Eukaryotes: Fungi-to-Plant and Plant-to-Plant Transfers of Organellar DNA

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Genomics of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 35))

Summary

This review focuses on horizontal gene transfer (HGT) involving bacteria, fungi, and plants (Viridiplantae). It highlights in particular the persistent challenge of recognizing HGT, which requires a combination of methods from bioinformatics, phylogenetics, and molecular biology. Non-phylogenetic methods rely on compositional structure, such as G/C content, dinucleotide frequencies, codon usage biases, or co-conversion tracts, while phylogenetic methods rely on incongruence among gene trees, one of which is taken to represent the true organismal phylogeny. All methods are handicapped by short sequence lengths with limited or highly uneven substitution signal; the statistical problems of working with taxon-rich alignments of such sequences include low support for inferred relationships, and difficult orthology assessment. Plant-to-plant HGT is known from two dozen mitochondrial genes and species of phylogenetically and geographically widely separated ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, with seven cases involving parasitic plants. Only one nuclear HGT has come to light, and extremely few fungi-to-plant transfers. Plant mitochondrial genomes, especially in tracheophytes, are prone to take up foreign DNA, but evolutionary consequences of this are still unclear.

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Abbreviations

BLAST:

Basic local alignment search tool;

cpDNA;:

Plastid DNA;

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid;

EST:

Expressed sequence tag;

HGT:

Horizontal gene transfer;

HTT:

Horizontal transposon transfer;

mt(DNA):

Mitochondrial (DNA);

MULE:

Mu-like elements (Mu is mutator in corn);

My:

Million years;

ORF:

Open reading frame;

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction;

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid;

T-DNA:

Transferred DNA;

TE:

Transposable element;

Ti-plasmid:

Tumor-inducing plasmid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich, Menzinger Straße 67, D-80638, Munich, Germany

    Susanne S. Renner & Sidonie Bellot

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  1. Susanne S. Renner
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  2. Sidonie Bellot
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Correspondence to Susanne S. Renner .

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  1. AM MUEHLENBERG 1, POTSDAM-GOLM 14476, Germany

    Ralph Bock

  2. Inst. Zelluläre und Molekulare, Botanik (IZMB), Universität Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, 53115, Germany

    Volker Knoop

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Renner, S.S., Bellot, S. (2012). Horizontal Gene Transfer in Eukaryotes: Fungi-to-Plant and Plant-to-Plant Transfers of Organellar DNA. In: Bock, R., Knoop, V. (eds) Genomics of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 35. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2920-9_10

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