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Prevention and Management of Cartilage Injury and Osteoarthritis from Sports

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European Instructional Lectures

Part of the book series: European Instructional Lectures ((EICL,volume 13))

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Abstract

Articular cartilage defects in the knee of young or active individuals remain a problem in Orthopaedic practice. These defects have limited ability to heal and may progress to osteoarthritis (OA). The prevalence of knee OA among athletes is higher than the non-athletic population. The clinical symptoms of OA are joint pain, limitation of range of motion, joint swelling and joint stiffness. The diagnosis of OA is confirmed by the symptoms of the patient and the radiological findings (narrowing of joint space, osteophyte formation, and subchondral sclerosis). However, there is no strong correlation between the symptoms and the radiographic findings.

The aetiology of knee OA is multi-factorial. Excessive musculoskeletal loading (at work or in sports), high body mass index, previous knee injury, female gender and muscle weakness are well known risk factors. The high level athlete who has sustained a major knee injury has a high incidence of knee OA. Cartilage injuries are frequently observed in young and middle-aged active athletes. Often this injury precedes OA.

Reducing risk factors can decrease the prevalence of knee OA. The prevention of the knee injury, especially anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in sports, is important to reduce and avoid progression of the knee OA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sports Orthopedics, Toshiba General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Hideki Takeda MD

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

    Lars Engebretsen MD, PhD

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  1. Hideki Takeda MD
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  2. Lars Engebretsen MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Lars Engebretsen MD, PhD .

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  1. Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, HA7 4LP, Middlesex, United Kingdom

    George Bentley

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Takeda, H., Engebretsen, L. (2013). Prevention and Management of Cartilage Injury and Osteoarthritis from Sports. In: Bentley, G. (eds) European Instructional Lectures. European Instructional Lectures, vol 13. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36149-4_18

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