Abstract
In the common nonparametric regression model the problem of testing for a specific parametric form of the variance function is considered. Recently Dette and Hetzler [8] proposed a test statistic which is based on an empirical process of pseudo residuals. The process converges weakly to a Gaussian process with a complicated covariance kernel depending on the data generating process. In the present paper we consider a standardized version of this process and propose an application of the Khmaladze transformation to obtain asymptotically distribution-free tests for the corresponding Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Cramér-von Mises functionals. The finite-sample properties of the proposed tests are investigated by means of a simulation study.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
N. I. Achieser, Theory of Approximation (Frederik Ungar Publishing Co., New York, 1956).
P. L. Bickel, “Using Residuals Robustly I: Tests for Heteroscedasticity and Nonlinearity”, Ann. Statist. 6, 266–291 (1978).
P. Billingsley, Probability and Measure, in Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics (Wiley, New York, 1979).
P. Billingsley, Convergence of Probability Measures, 2nd ed., in Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics (Wiley, New York, 1999).
T. S. Breusch and A. R. Pagan, “A Simple Test for Heteroscedasticity and Random Coefficient Variation”, Econometrica 47, 1287–1294 (1979).
R. D. Cook and S. Weisberg, “Diagnostics for Heteroscedasticity in Regression”, Biometrika 70, 1–10 (1983).
H. Dette, “A Consistent Test for Heteroscedasticity in Nonparametric Regression Based on the Kernel Method”, J. Statist. Plan. and Infer. 103, 311–330 (2002).
H. Dette and B. Hetzler, “A Simple Test for the Parametric Form of the Variance Function in Nonparametric Regression”, Ann. Inst. Statist. Math. (in press). Online: http://www.springerlink.com/content/102845/?ontent+Status=Accepted (2008).
H. Dette and A. Munk, “Testing Heteroscedasticity in Nonparametric Regression”, J. Roy. Statist. Soc., Ser. B 60, 693–708 (1998).
H. Dette, A. Munk, and T. Wagner, “Estimating the Variance in Nonparametric Regression by Quadratic Forms-What is a Reasonable Choice? “, J. Roy. Statist. Soc., Ser. B 60, 751–764 (1998).
H. Dette, I. van Keilegom, and N. Neumeyer, “A New Test for the Parametric Form of the Variance Function in Nonparametric Regression”, J. Roy. Statist. Soc., Ser. B 69, 903–917 (2007).
T. Gasser, L. Sroka, and G. Jennen-Steinmetz, “Residual Variance and Residual Pattern in Nonlinear Regression”, Biometrika 73, 626–633 (1986).
P. Hall, J.W. Kay, and D.M. Titterington, “A symptotically Optimal Difference-Based Estimation of Variance in Nonparametric Regression”, Biometrika 77, 521–528 (1990).
B. Hetzler, Tests auf parametrische Struktur der Varianzfunktion in der nichtparametrischen Regression, PhD Thesis (Fakultät fürMathematik, Ruhr Universität, Bochum, 2008) [in German].
E. V. Khmaladze, “A Martingale Approach in the Theory of Goodness-of-Fit Tests”, Theory Probab. Appl. 26, 240–257 (1981).
E. V. Khmaladze, “Goodness-of-Fit Problem and Scanning Innovation Martingales”, Ann. Statist. 21, 798–829 (1993).
E. V. Khmaladze and H. L. Koul, “Martingale Transforms Goodness-of-Fit Tests in Regression Models”, Ann. Statist. 32, 995–1034 (2004).
E. V. Khmaladze and H. L. Koul, “Goodness-of-Fit Problem for Errors in Nonparametric Regression: Distribution Free Approach”, Ann. Statist. (2008) (in press).
H. L. Koul, Weighted Empirical Processes in Dynamic Nonlinear Models, in Lecture Notes in Statistics, (Springer, New York, 2002), Vol. 166.
H. L. Koul, “Model Diagnostics via Martingale Transforms: a Brief Review”, in Frontiers in Statistics, Ed. by J. Fan and H. L. Koul, 183–206. (World Scientific, Hackensack, NJ, 2006).
H. Liero, “Testing Homoscedasticity in Nonparametric Regression”, J. Nonpar. Statist. 15, 31–51 (2003).
Y. P. Mack and B.W. Silverman, “Weak and Strong Uniform Consistency of Kernel Regression Estimates”, Z.Wahrsch. Verw. Gebiete 61, 405–415 (1982).
A. M. Nikabadze, “A method for Constructing Likelihood Tests for Parametric Hypotheses in Rm. Teor. Veroyatnost. i Primenen. 32(3), 594–598 (1987).
B. Oksendal, Stochastic Differential Equations: An Introduction with Applications (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2003).
A. R. Pagan and Y. Pak, “Testing for Heteroscedasticity”, in Handbook of Statistics, Ed. by G. S. Maddala, C. R. Rao, and H. D. Vinod (Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., 1993), Vol. 11.
D. Pollard, Convergence of Stochastic Processes (Springer, New York, 1984)
J. Sacks and D. Ylvisaker, “Design for Regression Problems with Correlated Errors III”, Ann.Math. Statist. 41, 2057–2074 (1970).
W. Stute, S. Thies, and L. Zhu, “Model Checks for Regression: an Innovation Process Approach”, Ann. Statist. 26, 1916–1934 (1998).
Z. Tsigroshvili, “Some Notes on Goodness-of-Fit Tests and Innovation Martingales”, Proc. A. Razmadze Math. Inst. 117, 89–102 (1998).
L. Zhu, Y. Fujikoshi, and K. Naito, “Heteroscedasticity Checks for Regression Models”, Science in China (Ser. A) 44, 1236–1252 (2001).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Dette, H., Hetzler, B. Khmaladze transformation of integrated variance processes with applications to goodness-of-fit testing. Math. Meth. Stat. 18, 97–116 (2009). https://doi.org/10.3103/S106653070902001X
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S106653070902001X
Key words
- nonparametric regression
- goodness-of-fit test
- martingale transform
- Khmaladze transformation
- conditional variance