We can observe that the field equations (13)–(15) are a system of three independent equations with the five unknown parameters a, \(p_{de}\), \(\rho _{de}\), \(\rho _{m}\), and \(\phi \). Hence in order to solve this inconsistent system we need two additional constraints.
Many researchers have used a constant deceleration parameter to obtain the solutions of the model which gives a power law for the metric potentials [46,47,48,49,50]. The positive value of the deceleration parameter represents the early decelerated phase of the universe, whereas the negative value of the deceleration parameter yields the acceleration phase of the universe. Modern observational results from Type Ia supernova and CMB anisotropies suggest that the universe is not only expanding, but also accelerating at present and having decelerated expansion in the past. Therefore, the deceleration parameter must show this transition by its signature changing. That is why the deceleration parameter is variable in time, not a constant. This motivates us to choose the following average scale factor which provides a time dependent deceleration parameter.
The hybrid expansion law (HEL) of the scale factor was initially proposed by Akarsu et al. [51] for Robertson–Walker space-time. Shri Ram and Chandel [52] have investigated the dynamics of a magnetized string cosmological model in f(R, T) gravity theory using HEL taking
$$\begin{aligned} a(t)=a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t},~~\text {where}~~a_{0}>0. \end{aligned}$$
(17)
For \(\alpha _1=0\) and \(\alpha _2=0\), one can obtain a power-law and exponential expansion from Eq. (17), respectively. When \(\alpha _{1}\) and \(\alpha _{2}\) both are non-zero, the universe evolves with variable deceleration parameter.
In the literature it is also common to use a power-law relation between the BD scalar field \(\phi \) and the five dimensional scale factor a of the form [53, 54]
$$\begin{aligned} \phi =\phi _0a^l \end{aligned}$$
(18)
where \(\phi _0\) is a constant and l is a power. Many authors have investigated various aspects of this form of the scalar field \(\phi \) and have shown that it leads to a constant deceleration parameter [55, 56] and also to a time varying deceleration parameter [57,58,59].
Recently, Kumar and Singh [60] proposed a BD scalar field evolving as a logarithmic function of the average scale factor to investigate the evolution of holographic and new agegraphic DE models. The relation is given by
$$\begin{aligned} \phi =\phi _1~\text {ln}(\eta _1+\eta _2~a(t)) \end{aligned}$$
(19)
where \(\phi _1\), \(\eta _1>1\) and \(\eta _2>0\) are constants. We assume the two forms of scalar field \(\phi \). Singh and Kumar [61] and Sadri and Vakili [62] have investigated holographic DE models in BD theory using this logarithmic law for scalar field.
3.1 Model 1
Here, we consider a power-law relation between the BD scalar field and the scale factor and find the properties of the model. For this purpose, we assume Eq. (18) to hold.
Substituting the value of average scale factor (17) into Eqs. (13)–(15), (12) and (18), we get the scalar field \(\phi \),
$$\begin{aligned} \phi =\phi _0(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^l. \end{aligned}$$
(20)
3.1.1 Energy densities
The energy density of MHRDE is
$$\begin{aligned} \rho _{de}= & {} \frac{3\phi _0(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^l}{8\pi }\bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) -\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}\nonumber \\&\quad +\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\bigg \}; \end{aligned}$$
(21)
the energy density of matter is
$$\begin{aligned} \rho _m= & {} \frac{\phi _0(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^l}{8\pi }\bigg \{\bigg \{\left( 4l+6-\frac{w}{2}l^2\right) \left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) ^2\nonumber \\&\quad +\frac{6k}{(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2}\bigg \}-3\bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) -\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}\nonumber \\&\quad +\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\bigg \}\bigg \}. \end{aligned}$$
(22)
It is observed from Fig. 1 that the scalar field increases with time for the different values of \(l=0.1,~0.5\), and 0.9. In this section we take the values of the parameters \(\alpha _1=0.67\), \(\alpha _{2}=0.065\), \(\beta _{1}=0.2\), \(\beta _{2}=0.48\), \(\beta _{3}=0.5\), \(a_0=1\), \(\phi _0=25\), \(w=2\), and different values of l i.e., \(l=0.1,~ 0.5,~ 0.9\). Figures 2, 3 and 4 represent the energy density of MHRDE and matter (in Model 1) for closed (\(k=+1\)), flat (\(k=0\)) and open (\(k=-1\)) models with respect to cosmic time t. For the above choice of parameters the energy densities are positive throughout the evolution of the models. It is observed that the energy densities \(\rho _m\) and \(\rho _{de}\) always are positive and decrease with increasing cosmic time in the case of flat and closed models. It can also be observed that the energy density of matter varies in a negative region for the open model, which shows that the open model is not realistic. Furthermore, in the closed and flat models the matter energy density dominates the dark energy density initially and subsequently the dark energy density dominates the matter energy density. Also, it is interesting to note that, as the scalar field increases for different values of l, the dominance of either the matter energy density or the MHRDE energy density is delayed considerably. Obviously the BD scalar field influences the interaction of the matter energy density and the MHRDE energy density. This is a special feature of our model.
3.1.2 Energy conditions
Here we discuss the well-known energy conditions for our MHRDE Model 1. The study of the energy conditions came into existence from the Raychaudhuri equations which play an important role in any discussion of the congruence of null and time-like geodesics. The energy conditions are also the basic tools to prove various general theorems about the behavior of strong gravitational fields. The standard energy conditions are the following:
-
Null energy conditions (NEC):
\(\rho _\text {eff}+p_{de}\ge 0\),
-
Strong energy conditions (SEC):
\(\rho _\text {eff}+p_{de}\ge 0\), \(\rho _\text {eff}+3p_{de}\ge 0\),
-
Weak energy conditions (WEC):
\(\rho _\text {eff}\ge 0\), \(\rho _\text {eff}+p_{de}\ge 0\),
-
Dominant energy condition (DEC):
\(\rho _\text {eff}\ge 0\), \(\rho _\text {eff}\pm p_{de}\ge 0\).
The NEC implies that the energy density of the universe decreases with the expansion and the violation of the NEC may yield a Big Rip of the universe. The violation of the SEC condition represents the accelerated expansion of the universe. The Hawking–Penrose singularity theorems require the validity of SEC and WEC. The WEC and NEC are very important among all energy conditions as their violation leads to the violation of other energy conditions. Figure 5 presents the energy conditions for different values of l for closed Model 1. It can be seen that the NEC is violated and hence the model leads to a Big Rip. Also our model violates the SEC, as it should. It can also be seen that the WEC is satisfied. It can also be observed from Fig. 5 that the DEC \(\rho _\text {eff}+p_{de}\) is not satisfied. Figure 6 shows the energy conditions in the flat Model 1 for different values of l. It may be observed that the NEC, SEC, and WEC energy conditions are initially satisfied and are violated at late times. But one of the features of the DEC, \(\rho _\text {eff}-p_{de}\), is initially violated and is satisfied at late times. This is because of the fact that the late time acceleration of the universe is in accordance with the recent observational data.
3.1.3 EoS parameter
The EoS parameter of a fluid relates its pressure p and energy density \(\rho \) by \(\omega =\frac{p}{\rho }\). Various values of EoS correspond to different epochs of the universe in early decelerating and present accelerating expansion phases. It includes stiff fluid, radiation and matter dominated (dust) for \(\omega =1\), \(\omega =\frac{1}{3}\) and \(\omega =0\) (decelerating phases), respectively. It represents quintessence \(-1<\omega <-1/3\), the cosmological constant \(\omega =-1\) and the phantom case, \(\omega <-1\).
The EoS parameter of MHRDE \(\omega _{de}\) is
$$\begin{aligned}&\omega _{de}=-\frac{1}{3}\bigg \{(l^2+3l+6+\frac{wl^2}{2})\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) ^2+\frac{3k}{(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2}\nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{\alpha _{1}}{t^2}(l+3)\bigg \}\bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) -\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}+\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\bigg \}^{-1}.\nonumber \\ \end{aligned}$$
(23)
The EoS parameter of the Model 1 is depicted in Figs. 7 and 8 for different values of l. It can be seen that, for a flat model (\(k=0\)), it starts in the matter dominated era and passes through radiating and dust and attains a constant value in the quintessence region for \(l=0.1\) and 0.5, while the model crosses the phantom divide line (\(\omega _{de}=-1\)) and enters into the phantom region. It is interesting to note that as the BD scalar field increases the model approaches the phantom region. Figure 8 depicts the behavior of EoS parameter in the closed Model 1 for different values of the constant l. In this case it can be observed that the model completely varies in the phantom region and approaches the \(\varLambda \text {CDM}\) model at late times.
3.1.4 Density parameters
The MHRDE density parameter \(\varOmega _{de}\), matter density parameter \(\varOmega _{m}\), and total density parameter \(\varOmega =\varOmega _{de}+\varOmega _{m}+\varOmega _{k}\) are given by
$$\begin{aligned} \varOmega _{de}= & {} \frac{\rho _{de}}{3\phi H^2}=\frac{t^2}{8\pi (\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)^2}\bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) \nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}+\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\bigg \} ,\nonumber \\ \varOmega _{m}= & {} \frac{\rho _{m}}{3\phi H^2}=\frac{t^2}{24\pi (\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)^2}\bigg \{\bigg \{\left( 4l+6-\frac{w}{2}l^2\right) \nonumber \\&\quad \times \,\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) ^2+\frac{6k}{(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2}\bigg \}-3\bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) \nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}+\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\bigg \}\bigg \} ,\end{aligned}$$
(24)
$$\begin{aligned} \varOmega _{k}= & {} \frac{\rho _{k}}{3\phi H^2}=\frac{k}{a^2\phi ^2}. \end{aligned}$$
(25)
The overall density parameters for the flat model are presented in Fig. 9 for different values of l. It is interesting to note that the overall density is constant and \(\approxeq 1\). This fact is in agreement with the observational data. It is observed that the matter energy density parameter, \(\varOmega _m\), initially dominates the overall density of dark energy and they interact at a certain point of time. As l increases it can be noticed that the interaction of the energy densities is being delayed. This is because of the influence of the BD scalar field \(\phi \). A similar phenomenon may be observed in the flat model given in Fig. 10. It may also be noted that the dark energy density parameter \(\varOmega _{de}\) dominates matter energy density parameter. It is well known that dark energy does not directly interact with visible matter except in the rare circumstances. It is quite interesting that in our case both of them interact at a certain point of time. Figure 10 shows the behavior of the density parameters in the closed model. It can be seen that the overall density parameter approaches the one at very late times, which implies that the model approaches the flat model. It can also be seen that the matter energy density parameter \(\varOmega _m\) and the DE density parameter \(\varOmega _{de}\) interact at present time.
3.1.5 Stability analysis
We now consider an important quantity to verify the stability analysis of MHRDE Model 1 (both closed and flat models). This can be done using the squared speed of sound \(v_s^2\) defined as
$$\begin{aligned} v_s^2=\frac{\dot{p}_{de}}{\dot{\rho }_{de}}. \end{aligned}$$
(26)
A positive value of \(v_s^2\) indicates a stable model whereas a negative value represents a unstable model. We represent \(v_s^2\) of Model 1 (both closed and flat) in Eq. (27) and depict the behavior of \(v_s^2\) in Figs. 11 and 12 for different values of l. The closed and flat models both are unstable for \(l=0.1\). For \(l=0.5\) the closed model is initially unstable and becomes stable at present epoch; however, for this particular value of l the flat model initially is unstable, becomes stable, and ultimately attains instability at the present epoch. For \(l=0.9\), both models are unstable initially, attain stability for some time, and become unstable at the present epoch. Hence, as the BD scalar field increases, the stability of the Model 1 is different at different times. It may be mentioned here that Myung [63], Jawad et al. [64] and Jawad and Chattopadhyay [65] have performed a stability analysis of DE models in modified theories of gravitation wherein they have also obtained an unstable behavior of the models. We have
$$\begin{aligned}&v_s^2=\bigg \{\frac{{ -l \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}}{{ 24 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}\bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ 3\,\frac{1}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\qquad +\,3\,\frac{1}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}\\&\qquad +\,3\,{\frac{k}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}}}+\frac{w{l}^{2}}{{{ 2a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+3\,\frac{l}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{1}{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}^{2}\\&\qquad +\,\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\qquad -\,\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\qquad -\,\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \}\\&\qquad -\,\frac{\phi _0}{24}\left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l} \bigg \{ 3\,\frac{1}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}\\&\qquad -\,3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}+3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}\\&\qquad -\,\frac{{3 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\bigg \}\\&\qquad -\,3\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\bigg \}\\&\qquad -\,3\frac{{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+6\,\frac{1}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{2~\alpha _2~t}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad -\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\qquad -\,\frac{{6 \alpha _1}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}^{2} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\qquad -\,\frac{{6 \alpha _2}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}^{2}\\&\qquad -\,6\,{\frac{k{ \alpha _1}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}t}} -6\,{\frac{k{ \alpha _2}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}}}\\&\quad +\,\frac{w{l}^{2}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\bigg \}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{w{l}^{2}{} { \alpha _1}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-\frac{w{l}^{2}{} { \alpha _2}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+6\,\frac{l}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\quad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -6\,\frac{l{ \alpha _1}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}t} \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-6\,\frac{l{ \alpha _2}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{1}{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{3}}{{{ a_0}}^{3} \bigg \{ {t}^{{ \alpha _1}} \bigg \} ^{3} \bigg \{ {\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{3}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{3}}\\&\quad +\,\frac{{3 \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{3 \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}{} { \alpha _1}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-\frac{{3 \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}{} { \alpha _2}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}\\&\quad -\,3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}+3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}\\&\quad -\,3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\quad -\frac{{2 \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\quad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{2 \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} +\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}{t}^{2}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+\frac{{2 \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} +\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}{t}^{2}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} -\frac{l}{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l+1}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}}{{{ a_0}}^{2} {t}^{2~\alpha _1} {e}^{ 2~\alpha _2~t}}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0 t^{ \alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2 ~t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\quad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \}\bigg \} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad \times \bigg \{\frac{{ l~\phi _0}\, \bigg \{ { a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{l}}{{ 8a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \nonumber \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ { \beta _1}\, \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} -{\frac{{ \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}}+\frac{{2 \beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1}\bigg \} \nonumber \\&\quad +\,\frac{\phi _0}{8}\bigg \{ { a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{l} \bigg \{ -{\frac{{ \alpha _1}\,{ \beta _1}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}}}+\frac{{2{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{ \beta _3}}{{t}^{5}}\nonumber \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-2}-6\,{\frac{{ \beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{4}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1}} \bigg \}\bigg \}^{-1}. \end{aligned}$$
(27)
3.1.6
\(\omega ^{\prime }_{de}\)–\(\omega _{de}\) plane
The \(\omega _{de}\)–\(\omega ^{\prime }_{de}\) plane analysis is used to study the dynamical property of dark energy models, where prime (\(\prime \)) indicates derivative with respect to \(\ln a\). Caldwell and Linder [66] have proposed this method to analyzing the behavior of quintessence model. They have classified \(\omega _{de}\)–\(\omega ^{\prime }_{de}\) plane into thawing (\(\omega _{de}<0\) and \(\omega ^{\prime }_{de}>0\)) and freezing (\(\omega _{de}<0\) and \(\omega ^{\prime }_{de}<0\)) regions. This plane analysis was extended in a wide range by different authors for studying the dynamical character of various DE models and modified theories of gravity [67,68,69,70,71].
The \(\omega _{de}\)–\(\omega ^{\prime }_{de}\) planes of closed and flat Models 1 are shown in Figs. 13, 14 for different values of l. It may be noted that the models vary in both thawing and freezing regions. We have
$$\begin{aligned}&\omega ^{\prime }_{de}=\frac{8}{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ -\phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l}{{ 24a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad \quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{\frac{3}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad \quad -{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\qquad +\,{\frac{3}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}}\\&\qquad +\,3\,{\frac{k}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}}} +\frac{w{l}^{2}}{2a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{3l}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{1}{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}-\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \} -\frac{\phi _0}{24}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l} \bigg \{\frac{3}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}-3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}+{\frac{{ 3a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}-{\frac{{ 3 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}-\frac{{ 3\alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad -\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+{\frac{{ 2a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \\&\qquad -\,\frac{{ 3\alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+\frac{6}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad -\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\qquad -\,{\frac{{ 6\alpha _1}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}}\\&\qquad -\,\frac{{ 6\alpha _2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}\\&\qquad -\,{\frac{6k{ \alpha _1}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} e\text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}t}} -{\frac{6k{ \alpha _2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}}}+\frac{w{l}^{2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{w{l}^{2}{} { \alpha _1}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}t}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-\frac{w{l}^{2}{} { \alpha _2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{6l}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad -\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\qquad -\,\frac{6l}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}t} \bigg \{\alpha _1\bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}} +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-\alpha _2\bigg \}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{1}{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{3}}{{{ a_0}}^{3} {t}^{{ 3\alpha _1}} {\mathrm{e}^{{ 3\alpha _2}\,t}} } \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}^{3}}\\&\qquad +\,\frac{{ 3\phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{3 \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}{ \alpha _1}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-\frac{{ 3\phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}{ \alpha _2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2} +\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}-{\frac{{ 3a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}+{\frac{{ 3a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}}-3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+3\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}-\frac{{2 \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad -\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\qquad -\,\frac{{2 \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}{t}^{2}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+\frac{{ 2\phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}{t}^{2}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} -\frac{l}{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l+1}} \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\qquad +\,\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}-\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} +\bigg \{\frac{3}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}\\&\qquad -\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+{\frac{{ 2a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\bigg \}\\&\qquad +\,{\frac{3}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}^{2}}\\&\qquad +\,{\frac{3k}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}}} +\frac{w{l}^{2}}{2a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{3l}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{1}{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}{l}^{2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}-{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}} \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}-\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\nonumber \\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l{ \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\nonumber \\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \{\frac{{ \phi _0}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l}l}{{ 8a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}}\nonumber \\&\qquad +\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ { \beta _1}\, \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} -{\frac{{ \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}}+\frac{{2 \beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}}\nonumber \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1} \bigg \}+\frac{\phi _0}{8}\, \left( a_0~t^{\alpha _1}{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{l} \bigg \{ -{\frac{{ \beta _1}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}}+2\,{\frac{{ \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}}}\nonumber \\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ \beta _3}\,{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}}{{t}^{5}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-2}}-{\frac{{ 6\beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{4}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1}} \bigg \} \bigg \}\nonumber \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ 3\,{ \beta _1}\, \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} -3\,{\frac{{ \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}}+6\,{\frac{{ \beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1}} \bigg \} ^{-1} \bigg \}\nonumber \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1} \bigg \{ { \beta _1}\, \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} -{\frac{{ \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}}\nonumber \\&\qquad +\,2\,{\frac{{ \beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}} \bigg \{ {\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1}} \bigg \} ^{-1}. \end{aligned}$$
(28)
3.2 Model 2
Here we assume that the scalar field evolves as a logarithmic function of the scale factor and is given by Eq. (19). Substituting the value of average scale factor (17) into Eqs. (13)–(15), (12) and (19), we get the scalar field \(\phi \),
$$\begin{aligned} \phi =\phi _1~ln\left[ \eta _1+\eta _2 (a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})\right] . \end{aligned}$$
(29)
The behavior of BD scalar field of Model 2 is shown in Fig. 15 for different values of \(\eta _2\). This shows that the scalar field increases as \(\eta _2\) increases.
3.2.1 Energy densities
The energy density of MHRDE is
$$\begin{aligned} \rho _{de}= & {} \frac{3\phi _1~ln\left[ \eta _1+\eta _2 (a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})\right] }{8\pi }\bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) \nonumber \\&-\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}+\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\bigg \}, \end{aligned}$$
(30)
the energy density of matter is
$$\begin{aligned}&\rho _m=\frac{\phi _1~ln(\eta _1+\eta _2~(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})}{8\pi }\Bigg \{\Bigg \{\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) ^2\nonumber \\&\quad \left( 6-\frac{w\eta _2^2(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2}{2\left[ (\eta _1+\eta _2~(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t}))~ln(\eta _1+\eta _2~(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t}))\right] ^2}\right) \nonumber \\&\qquad +\frac{6k}{(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2}\Bigg \}-3\Bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) \nonumber \\&\qquad -\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}+\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\Bigg \}\Bigg \}. \end{aligned}$$
(31)
The variation of energy densities with time t for \(\eta _1=1.1\) and for different values of \(\eta _2\) is shown in Figs. 16, 17 and 18. The other constants are the same as in Model 1. In this case we observe a similar behavior for flat and closed models to Model 1. However, in this case we see that the dark energy density dominates the matter density earlier than in Model 1. Also as \(\eta _2\) increases the interaction of the energy densities occurs at early times. That is, the increase in the BD scalar field influences the interaction of energy densities. It can also be seen that the open model is not realistic because of the fact that the energy density of matter is negative.
3.2.2 Energy conditions
Figures 19, 20 describe the energy conditions of both closed and flat Models 2 for different values of \(\eta _2\). It can be seen that the validity of the energy conditions for Model 2 is similar to that of the energy conditions of the Model 1.
3.2.3 EoS parameter
The EoS parameter of MHRDE, \(\omega _{de}\), is
$$\begin{aligned} \omega _{de}= & {} -\frac{1}{3}\bigg \{6\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) ^2+\frac{3k}{(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2}-\frac{3\alpha _{1}}{t^2}\nonumber \\&+\frac{\eta _2(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2\left( \frac{w}{2}+3l\eta _2\right) \left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) ^2}{\left[ (\eta _1+\eta _2 (a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t}))~ln(\eta _1+\eta _2 (a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t}))\right] ^2}\nonumber \\&+(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})\eta _2\bigg \{(\eta _1+\eta _2 (a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t}))\big \{\frac{\alpha _{1}(\alpha _{1}-1)}{t^2}\nonumber \\&+\frac{2\alpha _{1}\alpha _{2}}{t}+\alpha _{1}\big \}^2-\eta _2(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) ^2\bigg \}\nonumber \\&\times \bigg \{\left[ (\eta _1+\eta _2 (a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t}))^2~ln(\eta _1+\eta _2 (a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t}))\right] ^{-1}\bigg \}\bigg \}\nonumber \\&\times {\bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) -\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}+\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\bigg \}}^{-1}. \end{aligned}$$
(32)
The plot of EoS parameter given in Figs. 21, 22 for different values of \(\eta _2\) shows that the flat and closed models completely vary in the phantom region. It is interesting to see that in both models it varies completely in the phantom region.
3.2.4 Energy density parameters
The MHRDE density parameter \(\varOmega _{de}\), the matter density parameter \(\varOmega _{m}\), and the total density parameter \(\varOmega \) are given by
$$\begin{aligned} \varOmega _{de}= & {} \frac{3t^2}{8\pi (\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)^2}\bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) -\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}\nonumber \\&+\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\bigg \},\nonumber \\ \varOmega _{m}= & {} \frac{t^2}{8\pi (\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)^2}\bigg \{\bigg \{\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) ^2\nonumber \\&\quad \times \left( 6-\frac{w\eta _2^2(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2}{2\left[ (\eta _1+\eta _2~(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t}))~ln(\eta _1+\eta _2~(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t}))\right] ^2}\right) \nonumber \\&+\frac{6k}{(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2}\bigg \}-3\bigg \{\beta _1\left( \frac{\alpha _{1}}{t}+\alpha _{2}\right) \nonumber \\&-\frac{\beta _2\alpha _{1}}{t^2}+\frac{2\beta _3\alpha _{1}}{3t^2(\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)}\bigg \}\bigg \}, \end{aligned}$$
(33)
$$\begin{aligned} \varOmega _{k}= & {} \frac{\rho _{k}}{3\phi H^2}=\frac{kt^2}{(a_0t^{\alpha _{1}}\text {e}^{\alpha _{2}t})^2 (\alpha _{1}+\alpha _{2}t)^2}. \end{aligned}$$
(34)
It can be seen from the Figs. 23, 24 that the behavior of overall energy density parameters of both models is similar to the case of Model 1.
3.2.5 Stability analysis
The squared sound speed \(v_s^2\) of MHRDE Model 2 is given by
$$\begin{aligned} v_s^2= & {} \bigg \{ -\frac{{ \phi _1}}{24\,{ \eta _1}+24\,{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{3}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \\&+3\,\frac{1}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}^{2}\\&+3\,\frac{k}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} +\frac{w}{2} \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-2}\\&\times \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t}\right) ^{-1} \\&\times \bigg \{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \}^{-1} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \\&+\frac{1}{{ \phi _1}\,\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) } \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _1}}{{ \eta _1}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \\ \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\qquad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\\&\qquad +\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t} \bigg \}-\frac{{ \phi _1}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{2}}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2} \bigg \} \bigg \}\\&\quad -\frac{\phi _1}{24}\,\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \{ 3\,\frac{1}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}\\&\quad -\frac{{3 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}+\frac{{3 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}\\&\quad -\frac{{3 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{3 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\bigg \}\\&\quad -\frac{{3 \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad +\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{3 \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+6\,\frac{1}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad +\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{6 \alpha _1}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}t}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-\frac{{6 \alpha _2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-6\,\frac{k{ \alpha _1}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}t} \\&\quad -6\,\frac{k{ \alpha _2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}}+{w} \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2}\\ \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad \times \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-2} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -{w} \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2} \\&\quad \times \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-3}\bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}^{3}\\&\quad -\frac{w}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{3} \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \}^{3}}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{3}\\&\quad +\frac{3}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) { a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}~~\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) } \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\quad +\frac{3}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) { a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}~~\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) } \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad -\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\quad -\frac{3}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{2}{} { a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) }\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\ \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2} -{{ 3\alpha _1}} \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-1} \\&\quad \times \bigg \{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) t\bigg \}^{-1} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\quad -\frac{{ 3\alpha _2}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) { a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) }\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{3} \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-2}}{\big \{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\big \}}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}\\ \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad +\frac{1}{{ \phi _1}\,\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) } \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _1}}{{ \eta _1}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}\nonumber \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}-\frac{{3 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}\nonumber \\&\quad +\frac{{3 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}\nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{3 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{3 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\nonumber \\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}- {{ 3\phi _1}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-2}} \nonumber \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\nonumber \\&\quad +{{ 2\phi _1}}\bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{3}\nonumber \\&\quad \times \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-3} \bigg \}-{ \phi _1}\, \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2}\nonumber \\&\quad \times \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-1} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _1}}{{ \eta _1}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{ \phi _1} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{2}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\nonumber \\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _1}}{8\,{ \eta _1} +8\,{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\nonumber \\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ {\beta _1}\, \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} +\frac{{2\beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1} \nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{\beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}} \bigg \} +1/8\,{ \phi _1}\,\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \{ -\frac{{\beta _1}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}\nonumber \\&\quad +\frac{{2\beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}}+\frac{{2\beta _3}\,{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}}{{t}^{5}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-2}\nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{6\beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{4}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1} \bigg \} \bigg \} ^{-1}. \end{aligned}$$
(35)
For different values of \(\eta _2\) the squared sound speed (\(v_s^2\)) is shown in Figs. 25, 26, which show that both models are quite unstable.
3.2.6
\(\omega _{de}\)–\(\omega ^{\prime }_{de}\) plane
In this case, \(\omega _{de}^{\prime }\) is obtained by taking the derivative of Eq. (32) with respect to \(\ln a\),
$$\begin{aligned}&\omega _{de}^{\prime }=\frac{8}{{ \phi _1}\,\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) } \bigg \{ -\frac{{ \phi _1}}{24\,{ \eta _1}+24\,{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ 3\,\frac{1}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\qquad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+\frac{3}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\qquad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+\frac{3k}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} +\frac{w}{2} \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-2}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2}\bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\qquad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+{3} \bigg \{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \}^{-1} \\&\qquad \times \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-1} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\qquad +\frac{1}{{ \phi _1}\,\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) } \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _1}}{{ \eta _1}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}\\&\qquad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\qquad +\frac{{ 2\eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \\&\qquad -\frac{{ \phi _1}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{2}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\qquad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2} \bigg \}\bigg \}-\frac{\phi _1}{24}\,\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \\ \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{3}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}-\frac{{3 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}\\&\quad +\frac{{ 3a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}-\frac{{3 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad +\frac{{3 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}-3\frac{{ \alpha _1}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}t}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{3 \alpha _2}}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad -\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\bigg \}\\&\quad +6\,\frac{1}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -\frac{{6 \alpha _1}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}t} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-\frac{{6 \alpha _2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}-6\,\frac{k{ \alpha _1}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}t} -6\,\frac{k{ \alpha _2}}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}}\\&\quad +{w}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-2} \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2}}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad -\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -{w} \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-3} \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{3}-{w} \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-3} \\ \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad \times \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-3} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{3} +{3} \bigg \{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \}^{-1}\\&\quad \times \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-1} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad +\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}+{3}\bigg \{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \}^{-1}\\&\quad \times \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-1} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}-{3}\bigg \{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \}^{-1}\\&\quad \times \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-2} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}\\&\quad -{{ 3\alpha _1}}\frac{ \bigg \{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) t\bigg \}}{\left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) } \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\ \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\quad -\frac{{ 3\alpha _2}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) { a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) }\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} -{3} \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-2}\left( a_0\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\right) ^{-1}\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}\\&\quad +\frac{1}{{ \phi _1}\,\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) } \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _1}}{{ \eta _1}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}-\frac{{3 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}\\&\quad +\frac{{3 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{3}}\\&\quad -\frac{{3 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{3 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{3}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}-\frac{{3 \phi _1}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{2}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\ \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad +\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \\&\quad +\frac{{ 2\phi _1}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{3}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{3}\\&\quad -\frac{1}{{ \phi _1}\, \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{2} \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) }\\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _1}}{{ \eta _1}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad +\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\\&\quad -\frac{{ \phi _1}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{2}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \} +\bigg \{ 3\,\frac{1}{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\\&\quad -\frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\bigg \}\\&\quad +3\,\frac{1}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}\\ \end{aligned}$$
$$\begin{aligned}&\quad +3\,\frac{k}{a_0^{2} {t}^{2\alpha _1} \text {e}^{2 \alpha _2\,t}} +{w} \bigg \{ \ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \bigg \} ^{-2} \nonumber \\&\quad \times \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-2} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\nonumber \\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2}+{3} \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{-1}\nonumber \\&\quad \times \left( { a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \right) ^{-1} \bigg \{ \frac{{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\nonumber \\&\quad +{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \}\nonumber \\&\quad +\frac{1}{{ \phi _1}\,\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) } \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _1}}{{ \eta _1}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \nonumber \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}-\frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{{t}^{2}}\nonumber \\&\quad +\frac{{2 \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{{ \alpha _2}}^{2}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{ \phi _1}}{ \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) ^{2}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}\nonumber \\&\quad +{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} ^{2} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \phi _1}}{8\,{ \eta _1} +8\,{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}} \nonumber \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ \frac{{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{ \alpha _1}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}}}{t}+{ \eta _2}\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{{ \alpha _1}}{} { \alpha _2}\,{\mathrm{e}^{{ \alpha _2}\,t}} \bigg \} \bigg \{ { \beta _1}\, \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \}\nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{ \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1} \bigg \}\nonumber \\&\quad +\frac{\phi _1}{8}\ln \left( \eta _1+\eta _2\,{ a_0}\,{t}^{ \alpha _1}\mathrm{e}^{\alpha _2\,t} \right) \nonumber \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ -\frac{{ \beta _1}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}}+\frac{{2 \beta _3}\,{{ \alpha _1}}^{2}}{{t}^{5}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-2}\nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{6 \beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{4}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1} \bigg \} \bigg \} \bigg \{ 3\,{ \beta _1}\, \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} \nonumber \\&\quad -\frac{{3 \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{6 \beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1} \bigg \} ^{-1} \bigg \} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \}^{-1} \nonumber \\&\quad \times \bigg \{ { \beta _1}\, \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} -\frac{{ \beta _2}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{2}}+\frac{{2 \beta _3}\,{ \alpha _1}}{{t}^{3}} \bigg \{ \frac{{ \alpha _1}}{t}+{ \alpha _2} \bigg \} ^{-1} \bigg \} ^{-1}.\nonumber \\ \end{aligned}$$
(36)
The cosmological \(\omega _{de}\)–\(\omega ^{\prime }_{de}\) plane of Model 2 for different values of \(\eta _2\) is given in Figs. 27–28. It is observed that for both models it lies in both thawing and freezing regions.