Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Electron impact ionization cross sections of beryllium-tungsten clusters

  • Regular Article
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal D Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We report calculated electron impact ionization cross sections (EICSs) of beryllium-tungsten clusters, Be n W with n = 1,...,12, from the ionization threshold to 10 keV using the Deutsch-Märk (DM) and the binary-encounter-Bethe (BEB) formalisms. The positions of the maxima of DM and BEB cross sections are mostly close to each other. The DM cross sections are more sensitive with respect to the cluster size. For the clusters smaller than Be4W they yield smaller cross sections than BEB and vice versa larger cross sections than BEB for clusters larger than Be6W. The maximum cross section values for the singlet-spin groundstate clusters range from 7.0 × 10-16 cm2 at 28 eV (BeW) to 54.2 × 10-16 cm2 at 43 eV (Be12W) for the DM cross sections and from 13.5 × 10-16 cm2 at 43 eV (BeW) to 38.9 × 10-16 cm2 at 43 eV (Be12W) for the BEB cross sections. Differences of the EICSs in different isomers and between singlet and triplet states are also explored. Both the DM and BEB cross sections could be fitted perfectly to a simple expression used in modeling and simulation codes in the framework of nuclear fusion research.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. R.A. Pitts, S. Carpentier, F. Escourbiac, T. Hirai, V. Komarov, A.S. Kukushkin, S. Lisgo, A. Loarte, M. Merola, R. Mitteau, A.R. Raffray, M. Shimada, P.C. Stangeby, J. Nucl. Mater. 415, S957 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. G. Federici, Phys. Scr. T124, 1 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. R.P. Doerner, M.J. Baldwin, D. Buchenauer, G. De Temmerman, D. Nishijima, J. Nucl. Mater. 390-91, 681 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. C. Bjoerkas, K. Vortler, K. Nordlund, D. Nishijima, R. Doerner, New J. Phys. 11, 12, 123017 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. G. Janeschitz, Iter JCT and HTs, J. Nucl. Mater. 290, 1 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. G. Federici, P. Andrew, P. Barabaschi, J. Brooks, R. Doerner, A. Geier, A. Herrmann, G. Janeschitz, K. Krieger, A. Kukushkin, A. Loarte, R. Neu, G. Saibene, M. Shimada, G. Strohmayer, M. Sugihara, J. Nucl. Mater. 313, 11 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Roth, E. Tsitrone, A. Loarte, T. Loarer, G. Counsell, R. Neu, V. Philipps, S. Brezinsek, M. Lehnen, P. Coad, C. Grisolia, K. Schmid, K. Krieger, A. Kallenbach, B. Lipschultz, R. Doerner, R. Causey, V. Alimov, W. Shu, O. Ogorodnikova, A. Kirschner, G. Federici, A. Kukushkin, EFDA PWI Task Force, ITER PWI Team, Fusion for Energy, ITPA SOL/DIV, J. Nucl. Mater. 390-91, 1 (2009)

  8. R.E.H. Clark, D.H. Reiter, Nuclear Fusion Research – Understanding Plasma-Surface Interactions (Springer, Berlin, 2005)

  9. A. Kendl, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 365, 106 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. T.D. Märk, G.H. Dunn, Electron Impact Ionization (Springer, Wien, 1985)

  11. J. Colgan, S.D. Loch, M.S. Pindzola, C.P. Ballance, D.C. Griffin, Phys. Rev. A 68, 9, 032712 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. P.L. Bartlett, A.T. Stelbovics, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 86, 235 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. T. Maihom, I. Sukuba, R. Janev, K. Becker, T. Märk, A. Kaiser, J. Limtrakul, J. Urban, P. Mach, M. Probst, Eur. Phys. J. D 67, 2 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Deutsch, K. Hilpert, K. Becker, M. Probst, T.D. Mark, J. Appl. Phys. 89, 1915 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. B. Goswami, R. Naghma, B. Antony, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 372, 8 (2014)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Y.K. Kim, M.E. Rudd, Phys. Rev. A 50, 3954 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Y.K. Kim, M.A. Ali, M.E. Rudd, J. Res. Nat. Instit. Stand. Technol. 102, 693 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. H. Deutsch, T.D. Märk, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 79, R1 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Deutsch, K. Becker, M. Probst, T.D. Märk, in Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, edited by E. Arimondo, P.R. Berman, C.C. Lin (Elsevier Academic Press Inc, San Diego, 2009), Vol. 57, pp. 87

  20. D. Naujoks, R. Behrisch, J.P. Coad, L. Dekock, Nucl. Fusion 33, 581 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. A. Kirschner, V. Philipps, J. Winter, U. Kogler, Nucl. Fusion 40, 989 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. D. Borodin, A. Kirschner, S. Carpentier-Chouchana, R.A. Pitts, S. Lisgo, C. Björkas, P.C. Stangeby, J.D. Elder, A. Galonska, D. Matveev, Phys. Scr. T145, 014008 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. H. Deutsch, P. Scheier, K. Becker, T.D. Märk, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 233, 13 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. J.P. Desclaux, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 12, 311 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. D. Margreiter, H. Deutsch, T.D. Märk, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Process. 139, 127 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. H. Deutsch, K. Becker, S. Matt, T.D. Märk, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 197, 37 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. H. Bethe, Ann. Phys. 5, 325 (1930)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. R.S. Mulliken, J. Chem. Phys. 23, 1833 (1955)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. R. Tang, J. Callaway, J. Chem. Phys. 84, 6854 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. Turbomole V6.5 2013, University of Karlsruhe and Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, 1989-2007, Turbomole GmbH, since 2007, available from http://www.turbomole.com

  31. S. Grimme, J. Comput. Chem. 27, 1787 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. F. Weigend, R. Ahlrichs, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 7, 3297 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. M. Dolg, H. Stoll, H. Preuss, R.M. Pitzer, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 5852 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. A.D. Becke, J. Chem. Phys. 98, 5648 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. D. Andrae, U. Haussermann, M. Dolg, H. Stoll, H. Preuss, Theoretica Chimica Acta 77, 123 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. W.J. Stevens, H. Basch, M. Krauss, J. Chem. Phys. 81, 6026 (1984)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. W.J. Stevens, M. Krauss, H. Basch, P.G. Jasien, Can. J. Chem. 70, 612 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. T.R. Cundari, W.J. Stevens, J. Chem. Phys. 98, 5555 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. M.J. Frisch, G.W. Trucks, B.H. Schlegel, G.E. Scuseria, M.A. Robb, J.R. Cheeseman, G. Scalmani, V. Barone, B. Mennucci, G.A. Petersson, H. Nakatsuji, M. Caricato, X. Li, H.P. Hratchian, A.F. Izmaylov, J. Bloino, G. Zheng, J.L. Sonnenberg, M. Hada, M. Ehara, K. Toyota, R. Fukuda, J. Hasegawa, M. Ishida, T. Nakajima, Y. Honda, O. Kitao, H. Nakai, T. Vreven, J.A. Montgomery Jr., J.E. Peralta, F. Ogliaro, M.J. Bearpark, J. Heyd, E.N. Brothers, K.N. Kudin, V.N. Staroverov, R. Kobavashi, J. Normand, K. Raghavachari, A.P. Rendell, J.C. Burant, S.S. Iyengar, J. Tomasi, M. Cossi, N. Rega, N.J. Millam, M. Klene, J.E. Knox, J.B. Cross, V. Bakken, C. Adamo, J. Jaramillo, R. Gomperts, R.E. Stratmann, O. Yazyev, A.J. Austin, R. Cammi, C. Pomelli, J.W. Ochterski, R.L. Martin, K. Morokuma, V.G. Zakrewski, G.A. Voth, P. Salvador, J.J. Dannenberg, S. Dapprich, A.D. Daniels, Ö. Farkas, J.B. Foresman, J.V. Ortiz, J. Cioslowski, D.J. Fox, Gaussian 09 A.02 (Gaussian, Inc., 2009)

  40. K.A. Walsh, Beryllium Chemistry and Processing (ASM International, 2009)

  41. R.L. Kelly, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 16, 1 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. C.E. Moore, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser. (US Natl. Bur. Stand.) 34, 1 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  43. M.Y. Chou, M.L. Cohen, Phys. Lett. A 113, 420 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. A.M. Kolchin, R.W. Hall, J. Chem. Phys. 113, 4083 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. T. Diederich, T. Doppner, J. Braune, J. Tiggesbaumker, K.H. Meiwes-Broer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4807 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Ivan Sukuba & Jan Urban

  2. Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Alexander Kaiser, Stefan E. Huber & Michael Probst

Authors
  1. Ivan Sukuba
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alexander Kaiser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Stefan E. Huber
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jan Urban
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Michael Probst
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jan Urban.

Electronic supplementary material

Supplementary material

PDF file

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sukuba, I., Kaiser, A., Huber, S. et al. Electron impact ionization cross sections of beryllium-tungsten clusters. Eur. Phys. J. D 70, 11 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2015-60583-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2015-60583-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation