Abstract
Using the experimental results and computer simulation data, we demonstrate the existence of technological regimes of pore formation in the electrolyte-silicon system that are controlled by the delivery of holes to the interface between the two media. We develop a dynamic sequential 3D computer model for describing the formation of porous clusters in silicon with regard to different aspects of anodization, including the electric potential variation in the system at the change in configuration of the interface between the crystal and electrolyte. We investigate features of the hole transport regime described by equations scale-invariant relative to the affine transformation of space and time variables. Porous clusters formed using such technological regimes are characterized by the fractal self-similarity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Smith, R.L. and Collins, S.D., J. Appl. Phys., 1992, vol. 71, no. 8, pp. R1–R22.
John, Y.C. and Singh, V.A., Phys. Rep., 1995, vol. 263, pp. 93–151.
Buchin, E.Yu., Churilov, A.B., and Prokaznikov, A.V., Appl. Surf. Sci., 1996, vol. 102, pp. 431–435.
Wesolowsky, M., Phys. Rev. B, 2002, vol. 66, p. 205207.
Nychyporuk, T., Lysenko, V., and Barbier, D., Phys. Rev. B, 2005, vol. 71, p. 115402.
Zhong, J.X. and Mosserii, R., J. Non-Crystalline Solids, 1993, vols. 162–164, pp. 969–972.
Huang, Y. M., Zhai, B. G., and Zhou, F. F., Appl. Surf. Sci., 2008, vol. 254, no. 13, pp. 4139–4143.
Ben-Chorin, M., Moller, F., Koch, F., Schirmacher, W., and Eberhard, M., Phys. Rev. B, 1995, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 2199–2213.
Smith, R.L., Chuang, S.-F., and Collins, S.D., J. Electron. Mater., 1988, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 533–541.
Chuang, S.-F., Collins, S.D., and Smith, R.L., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1989, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 675–677.
Erlebacher, J., Sieradzki, K., and Searson, P.C., J. Appl. Phys., 1994, vol. 76, no. 1, pp. 182–187.
Yan, H. and Hu, X., J. Appl. Phys., 1993, vol. 73, no. 9, pp. 4324–4331.
Weng, Y.M., Qiu, J.Y., Zhou, Y.H., and Zong, X.F., J. Vac. Sci. Technol., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 2505–2509.
Kang, Y. and Jorne, J., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1993, vol. 140, no. 8, pp. 2258–2265.
Valance, A., Phys. Rev. B, 1995, vol. 52, no. 11, pp. 8323–8336.
Mullins, W.W. and Sekerka, R.F., J. Appl. Phys., 1964, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 444–451.
Buchin, E.Yu. and Prokaznikov, A.V., Tech. Phys. Lett., 1997, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 244–245.
Buchin, E.Yu. and Prokaznikov, A.V., Russ. Microelectron., 1998, vol. 27, no. 2, p. 86.
Prokaznikov, A.V. and Buchin, E.Yu., Phys. Low-Dim. Struct., 1997, vol. 5/6, pp. 47–52.
Kochergin, V. and Foell, H., Porous Semiconductors. Optical Properties and Applications, London: Springer-Verlag, 2009.
Lashin, A.M., Preprint of Inst. of Appl. Math., Russ. Acad. Sci., Moscow, 2001.
Lehmann, V. and Gosele, U., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1991, vol. 58, no. 8, pp. 856–858.
Zhang, X.G., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1991, vol. 138, no. 12, pp. 3750–3756.
Trucks, G.W., Raghavachari, K., Higashi, G.S., and Chabal, Y.J., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1990, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 504–507.
Volkov, V.T., Kryuchkov, S.V., Obukhov, I.A., and Rumyantsev, S.V., USSR Comput. Math. Math. Phys., 1989, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 132–138.
Engle, V.L., Dirks, H.K., and Meinertzhagen, B., Proc. IEEE, Moscow, 1983, vol. 71, no 1, pp. 14–42.
Klyatskin, V.I. and Gurarii, D., Phys.-Uspekhi, 1999, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 165–198.
Klyatskin, V.I., Ocherki po dinamike stokhasticheskikh system (On the Dynamics of Stochastic Systems), Moscow: Krasand, 2012 [in Russian].
Allen, E., Modelling with Ito Stochastic Differential Equation, New York: Springer, 2007, p. 230.
Zel’dovich, Ya.B. and Myshkis, A.D., Elementy matematicheskoi fiziki. Sreda iz nevzaimodeistvuyushchikh chastits (Elements of Mathematical Physics. A Medium for Noninteracting Particles), Moscow: Nauka, 1973 [in Russian].
Feder, J., Fractals, New York: Plenum Press, 1988.
Kvasnikov, I.A., Termodinamika i statisticheskaya fizika. Teoriya neravnovesnykh system (Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics. Theory of Nonequilibrium Systems), Moscow: Editorial URSS, 2003 [in Russian].
Isikhara, A., Statistical Physics, London-New York: Academic Press, 1971.
Landau, L.D. and Lifshits, E.M., Gidrodinamika (Hydrodynamics), Moscow: Nauka, 1986, vol. 6 [in Russian].
Pogorelov, A.V., Differentsial’naya geometriya (Differential Geometry), Moscow: Nauka, 1974 [in Russain].
Dubrovin, B.A., Novikov, S.P., and Fomenko, F.T., Sovremennaya geometriya (Modern Geometry), Moscow: Nauka, 1979 [in Russian].
Jackson, J.-D., Classical Electrodynamics, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1962.
Fractals in Physics, Pietronero, E. and Tozatti, L., Eds., Amsterdam: North-Holland., 1986.
Turkevich, L.A. and Scher, H., Phys. Rev. Lett., 1985, vol. 55, no. 9, pp. 1026–1029.
Mozhaev, A.V., Buchin, E.Yu., and Prokaznikov, A.V., Tech. Phys. Lett., 2008, vol. 34, p. 431.
Mozhaev, A.V., Buchin, E.Yu., and Prokaznikov, A.V., J. Tech. Phys., 2009, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 327–332.
Mozhaev, A.V. and Prokaznikov, A.V., Russ. Microelectron., 2009, vol. 38, no. 5, p. 291.
Aravamudhan, S., Luongo, K., Poddar, P., Srikanth, H., and Bhatsali, S., Appl. Phys. A, 2007, vol. 83, pp. 773–780.
Nittmann, I., Daccord, G., Stanley, H., In Fractals in Physics, Pietronero, E. and Tozatti, L., Eds., Amsterdam: North-Holland., 1986.
Happo, N., Fujiwara, N., Iwamatsu, M., and Horii, K., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1998, vol. 37, pp. 3951–3953.
Malyutin, V.M. and Sklyarova, E.A., Komp’yuternoe modelirovanie fizicheskikh yavlenii (Computer Simulation of Physical Phenomena), Tomsk: Izd. TPU, 2004 [in Russian].
Averkiev, N.S., Pikus, G.E., and Shmatov, M.L., Sov. Phys. Solid State, 1988, vol. 30, p. 1884.
Buchin, E.Yu. and Prokaznikov, A.V., Tech. Phys. Lett., 1997, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 244–245.
Da, Costa, R.C.T., Phys. Rev. A, 1981, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 1982–1987.
Magarill, L.I., Chaplik, A.V., and Entin, M.V., Phys.-Uspekhi, 2005, vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 953–958.
Randrianalisoa, J. and Baillis, D., J. Appl. Phys., 2008, vol. 103, p. 053052.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © N.A. Arzhanova, A.V. Mozhaev, A.V. Prokaznikov, 2014, published in Mikroelektronika, 2014, Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 212–227.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Arzhanova, N.A., Mozhaev, A.V. & Prokaznikov, A.V. Regularities of the formation of fractal porous clusters in silicon. Russ Microelectron 43, 212–225 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063739714030032
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063739714030032