Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Primary structure and expression of a functional human glucocorticoid receptor cDNA

  • Article
  • Published:

From Nature

View current issue Submit your manuscript

Abstract

Identification of complementary DNAs encoding the human glucocorticoid receptor predicts two protein forms, of 777 (α) and 742 (β) amino acids, which differ at their carboxy termini. The proteins contain a cysteine/lysine/arginine-rich region which may define the DNA-binding domain. Pure radiolabelled glucocorticoid receptor, synthesized in vitro, is immuno-reactive and possesses intrinsic steroid-binding activity characteristic of the native glucocorticoid receptor.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jensen, E. V. & De Sombre, E. R. A. Rev. Biochem. 41, 203–230 (1972).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Gorski, J. & Gannon, F. A. Rev. Physiol. 38, 425–450 (1976).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Yamamoto, K. R. & Alberts, B. M. A. Rev. Biochem. 45, 721–746 (1976).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. O'Malley, B. W., McGuire, W. L., Kohler, P. O. & Kornman, S. G. Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 25, 105–160 (1969).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Hayward, M. A., Brock, M. L. & Shapiro, D. J. Nucleic Acids Res. 10, 8273–8284 (1982).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Ashburner, M. & Berendes, H. D. in The Genetics and Biology of Drosophila, Vol. 2 (eds Ashburner, M. & Wright, T. R. F.) 315–395 (Academic, London, 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Peterkofsky, B. & Tomkins, G. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 60, 222–228 (1968).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. McKnight, G. S. & Palmiter, R. D. J. biol Chem. 254, 9050–9058 (1979).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Horwitz, K. B. & McGuire, W. L. J. biol. Chem. 253, 2223–2228 (1978).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Palmiter, R. D., Moore, P. B., Mulvihill, E. R. & Emtage, S. Cell 8, 557–572 (1976).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Yamamoto, K. R. & Alberts, B. M. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 69, 2105–2109 (1972).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Jensen, E. V. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 59, 632–638 (1968).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ringold, G. M., Yamamoto, K. R., Tomkins, G. M., Bishop, J. M. & Varmus, H. E. Cell 6, 299–305 (1975).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Parks, W. P., Scolnick, E. M. & Kozikowski, E. H. Science 184, 158–160 (1974).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Hager, L. J. & Palmiter, R. D. Nature 291, 340–342 (1981).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Karin, M., Anderson, R. D., Slater, E., Smith, K., & Herschman, H. R. Nature 286, 295–297 (1980).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kurtz, D. T. & Feigelson, P. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74, 4791–4795 (1977).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Spindler, S. R., Mellon, S. H. & Baxter, J. D. J. biol. Chem. 257, 11627–11632 (1982).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Evans, R. M., Birnberg, N. C. & Rosenfeld, M. G. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 7659–7663 (1982).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Robins, D. M., Paek, I., Seeburg, P. H. & Axel, R. Cell 29, 623–631 (1982).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Chandler, V. L., Maler, B. A. & Yamamoto, K. R. Cell 33, 489–499 (1983).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Ostrowski, M. C., Huang, A. L., Kessel, M., Woolford, R. G. & Hager, G. L. EMBO J. 3, 1891–1899 (1984).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Govindan, M. V., Spiess, E. & Majors, J. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 5157–5161 (1982).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Scheidereit, C., Geisse, S., Westphal, H. M. & Beato, M. Nature 304, 749–752 (1983).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Pfahl, M. Cell 31, 475–482 (1982).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Payvar, F. et al. Cell 35, 381–392 (1983).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Karin, M. et al. Nature 308, 513–519 (1984).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Laimonis, L. A., Khoury, G., Gorman, C., Howard, B. & Gruss, P. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 6453–6457 (1982).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. Benoist, C. & Chambon, P. Nature 290, 304–310 (1981).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Banerji, J., Olson, L. & Schaffner, W. Cell 33, 729–740 (1983).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Grosschedl, R. & Birnstiel, M. L. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 7102–7106 (1980).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Simons, S. S. & Thompson, E. B. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78, 3541–3545 (1981).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Gehring, U. & Hotz, A. Biochemistry 22, 4013–4018 (1983).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Westphal, H. M., Moldenhauer, G. & Beato, M. EMBO J. 1, 1467–1471 (1982).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Wrange, O., Carlstedt-Duke, J. & Gustafsson, J.-A. J. biol. Chem. 254, 9284–9290 (1979).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Okret, S., Carlstedt-Duke, J., Wrange, O., Carlstrom, K. & Gustafsson, J.-A. Biochim. biophys. Acta 677, 205–219 (1981).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Harmon, J. M. et al. Cancer Res. 44, 4540–4547 (1984).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Gametchu, B. & Harrison, R. W. Endocrinology 114, 274–279 (1984).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Carlstedt-Duke, J., Okret, S., Wrange, O. & Gustafsson, J.-A. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 4260–4264 (1982).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Wrange, O., Okret, S., Radojcic, M., Carlstedt-Duke, J. & Gustafsson, J.-A. J. biol. Chem. 259, 4534–4541 (1984).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Dellweg, H. G., Hotz, A., Mugele, K. & Gehring, U. EMBO J. 1, 285–289 (1982).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  42. Weinberger, C. et al. Science 228, 740–742 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Miesfeld, R. et al. Nature 312, 779–781 (1984).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Okayama, H. & Berg, P. Molec. cell. Biol. 3, 280–289 (1983).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  45. Maxam, A. & Gilbert, W. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74, 560–564 (1977).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Danielsen, M. & Stallcup, M. R. Molec. cell. Biol. 4, 449–453 (1984).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  47. Rousseau, G. G., Baxter, J. D. & Tomkins, G. M. J. molec. Biol. 67, 99–115 (1972).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Gehring, U., Segnitz, B., Foellmer, B. & Francke, U. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82, 3751–3755 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Lebo, R. V. et al. Science 225, 57–59 (1984).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Bode, U., Deisseroth, A. & Hendrik, D. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78, 2815–2819 (1981).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Thomas, P. S. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 5201–5205 (1980).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Northrop, J. P., Gametchu, B., Harrison, R. W. & Ringold, G. M. J. biol. Chem. 260, 6398–6403 (1985).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Darnell, J. E. Nature 297, 365–371 (1982).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Amara, S. G., Jonas, V., Rosenfeld, M. G., Ong, E. S. & Evans, R. M. Nature 298, 240–244 (1982).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Rosenfeld, M. G. et al. Nature 304, 129–135 (1983).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Alt, F. W. et al. Cell 20, 293–301 (1980).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Schwarzbauer, J. E., Tamkun, J. W., Lemischka, I. R. & Hynes, R. O. Cell 35, 421–431 (1983).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Setzer, D. R., McGrogan, M. & Schimke, R. T. J. biol. Chem. 257, 5143–5147 (1982).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Yamamoto, K. R., Stampfer, M. R. & Tomkins, G. M. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71, 3901–3905 (1974).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Bourgeois, S. & Newby, R. F. Cell 11, 423–430 (1977).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Grove, J. R., Dieckmann, B. S, Schroer, T. A. & Ringold, G. M. Cell 21, 47–56 (1980).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Krieg, P. A. & Melton, D. A. Nucleic Acids Res. 12, 7057–7070 (1984).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  63. Lebo, R. V. & Bastian, A. M. Cytometry 3, 213–219 (1982).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Weinberger, C., Hollenberg, S. M., Rosenfeld, M. G. & Evans, R. M. Nature 318, 670–672 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA

    Stanley M. Hollenberg, Cary Weinberger, Estelita S. Ong, Gail Cerelli, Anthony Oro & Ronald M. Evans

  2. Department of Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, 92093, USA

    Stanley M. Hollenberg

  3. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Eukaryotic Regulatory Biology Program, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, 92093, USA

    Michael G. Rosenfeld

  4. Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94143, USA

    Roger Lebo

  5. University of Texas Medical School, Galveston, Texas, 77550, USA

    E. Brad Thompson

Authors
  1. Stanley M. Hollenberg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Cary Weinberger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Estelita S. Ong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Gail Cerelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Anthony Oro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Roger Lebo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. E. Brad Thompson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Michael G. Rosenfeld
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Ronald M. Evans
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hollenberg, S., Weinberger, C., Ong, E. et al. Primary structure and expression of a functional human glucocorticoid receptor cDNA. Nature 318, 635–641 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1038/318635a0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/318635a0

  • Springer Nature Limited

This article is cited by

Search

Navigation