Abstract
Drawing on material from IRE as well as other sources, this article describes how the notion of lifelong education came into prominence in the educational world in the late 1960s, how it related to the concepts of formal, non-formal and informal education, and how it contrasted with the idea of recurrent eduction, as promoted by the OECD. The author goes on to discuss the emergence of the broader and more holistic concept of lifelong learning and the various ways in which it is understood. The article shows how IRE and its host institute have played an important part in the debate on these issues.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adiseshiah, M. S. 1973. Lifelong Education. In: R. H. Dave and N. Stiermerling, eds., Lifelong Learning and the School. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education.
Ahmed, Manzoor, ed. 1982. Formal, Nonformal and Informal Structures of Learning. Special issue of the International Review of Education 28(2).
Ahmed, Manzoor. 1982. Editorial Introduction: Putting into Practice the Perspective of Lifelong Recurrent Learning. International Review of Education 28(2): 133-141.
Aspin, D. and Chapman, J. 2001. Towards a Philosophy of Lifelong Learning. In: D. Aspin, J. Chapman, M. Hatton and Y. Sawano, eds., International Handbook of Lifelong Learning, Part 1. London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Atchoarena, D., ed. 1995. Lifelong Education in Selected Industrialized Countries. Paris: UNESCO, International Institute for Educational Planning.
Bélanger, Paul and Gelpi, Ettore, eds. 1994. Lifelong Education. Special issue of the International Review of Education 40(3-5).
Bélanger, Paul. 1994. The Dialectics of "Lifelong Educations". International Review of Education 20(3-5): 353-381.
Bengtsson, J. 1985. Recurrent Education. In: T. Husén and T. N. Postlethwaite, eds., The International Encyclopedia of Education. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Colletta, N. J. 1996. Formal, Informal and Nonformal Education. In: A. C. Tuijnman, ed., The International Encyclopedia of Adult Education and Training. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Coombs, Philip H. 1973. New Paths to Learning. New York: International Council for Educational Development.
Coombs, Philip H. and Ahmed, Manzoor. 1974. Attacking Rural Poverty: How Nonformal Education Can Help. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
Cropley, Arthur J. 1977. Educational Brokering: Access to Lifelong Education. International Review of Education 23(3): 339-343.
Cropley, Arthur J. 1978. Some Guidelines for the Reform of School Curricula in the Perspective of Lifelong Education. International Review of Education 24(1): 21-33.
Cropley, Arthur J., ed. 1980. Towards a System of Lifelong Education: Some Practical Considerations. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education, and Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Dave, R. H. 1973. Lifelong Education and the School. UIE Monograph No. 1. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education.
Dave, R. H. ed. 1976. Foundations of Lifelong Education. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education, and Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Dave, R. H. and Lengrand, Paul. eds. 1974. Lifelong Education and Learning Strategies. Special issue of the International Review of Education 20(4).
Deleon, A. 1964. Basic Trends in Workers' Education. International Review of Education 9: 301-310.
Dohmen, G. 1996. Lifelong Learning: Guidelines for a Modern Education Policy. Bonn: Bundesministerium für Bilding, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie.
Eder, M. 1948/49. Das chinesische Theater als Faktor der Volkserziehung. International Review of Education 5(2): 203-227.
Field, J. 2001. Lifelong Education. International Journal of Lifelong Education 20: 3-16.
Faure, E., Herrera, F., Kaddoura, A.-R., Lopes, H., Petrovsky, A. V., Rahnema, M. and Ward, F. C. 1972. Learning to Be: The World of Education Today and Tomorrow. Paris: UNESCO.
Gelpi, Ettore. 1984. Lifelong Education: Opportunities and Obstacles. International Journal of Lifelong Education 3(2): 79-87.
Giere, Ursula. 1974. Selected Bibliography. International Review of Education 20(4): 553-560.
Giere, Ursula. 1994. Lifelong Learners in the Literature: A Bibliographical Survey. International Review of Education 40(3-5): 383-393.
Haddad, Sergio, ed. 1996. Adult Education-the Legislative and Policy Environment. Special section of the International Review of Education 42(1-3).
Hager, P. 2001. Lifelong Learning and the Contribution of Informal Learning. In: D. Aspin, J. Chapman, M. Hatton and Y. Sawano, eds., International Handbook of Lifelong Learning, Part 1. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Hameyer, U. 1979. School Curriculum in the Context of Lifelong Learning. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education.
Hawes, H. W. R. 1975. Lifelong Education: Schools and Curricula in Developing Countries. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education.
HOULE, C. O. 1974. The Changing Goals of Education in the Perspective of Lifelong Learning. International Review of Education 20(4): 430-445.
Huberman, Michael. 1974. Looking at Adult Education from the Perspective of the Adult Life Cycle. International Review of Education 20(2): 117-137.
Husén, Torsten. 1968. Lifelong Learning in the "Educative Society". Convergence 1(4): 12-21.
Husén, Torsten. 1974. The Learning Society. London: Methuen.
Kassam, Y. 1982. Formal, Nonformal and Informal Modes of Learning: A Glimpse of the Tanzanian Experience. International Review of Education 28(2): 263-273.
King, E. J. 1957. Education for Adults Today: An International Study. International Review of Education 3: 13-24.
King, Kenneth. 1982. Formal, Nonformal and Informal Learning: Some North-South Contrasts. International Review of Education 28(2): 177-187.
Knoll, Joachim. 1974. Lebenslanges Lernen. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education.
La Belle, T. J. 1982. Formal, Nonformal and Informal Education: A Holistic Perspective on Lifelong Learning. International Review of Education 28(2): 159-175.
Lengrand, Paul. 1970. An Introduction to Lifelong Education. Paris: UNESCO.
Lengrand, Paul. 1986. Areas of Learning Basic to Lifelong Education. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education, and Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Medel-Añonuevo, Caroyln, Ohsako, Toshio and Mauch, Werner. 2001. Revisiting Lifelong Learning for the 21st Century. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education.
Michel, Ernst. 1931/32. Die deutsche Arbeiterbewegung und der geistige Standort der Akademie der Arbeit. International Education Review 1(4): 563-574.
OECD. 1973. Recurrent Education: A Strategy for Lifelong Learning. Paris: Centre for Educational Research and Innovation.
OECD. 1996. Lifelong Learning for All: Meeting of the Education Committee at Ministerial Level, 16-17 January 1996. Paris: OECD.
OECD. 2001. The Well-being of Nations: The Role of Human and Social Capital. Paris: Centre for Educational Research and Innovation.
Rao, V. K. R. V. 1970. The Universality of Lifelong Education. Inaugural address delivered to the expert's meeting on lifelong education, 18 August 1970, New Delhi. New Delhi: Asian Institute of Educational Planning and Administration, pp. 3-11.
Riedel, J. 1955. Die Bedeutung der Arbeitsforschung fur die Pädagogik. International Review of Education 1(4): 432-442.
Ryba, R. and Holmes, B., eds. 1973. Recurrent Education: Concepts and Policies for Lifelong Education. Proceedings Containing the Papers Read Before the Society at its Sixth General Meeting, Frascati and Grottaferrata, 3-9 June 1973. London: The Comparative Education Society in Europe.
Sachsenmeier, P. 1978. Basic Education as the First Stage of Lifelong Education: Aspects of a Working Concept for Curriculum Integration and Educational Development in Third World Countries. International Review of Education 24(1): 153-166.
Schuller, T. and Field, J. 1998. Social Capital, Human Capital and the Learning Society. International Journal of Lifelong Education 17: 226-236.
Schwartz, B. 1968. Réflexions sur le développement de l'education permanente. Revue française de Pédagogie (4): 32-44.
Schwartz, B. 1970. A prospective view of permanent education. In Council for Cultural Co-operation, Permanent Education (45-72). Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
Skager, R. and Dave, R. H. 1977. Curriculum Evaluation for Lifelong Education. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education, and Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Skager, R. 1978. Lifelong Education and Evaluation Practice. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education, and Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Suchodolski, B. 1972. Out-of-School Education. Prospects 2(2): 142-157.
Suchodolski, B. 1976. Lifelong Education: Some Philosophical Aspects. In: R.H. Dave, ed., Foundations of Lifelong Education. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education, and Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Sutton, Peter. 1996. Lifelong Learning and Continuing Education. In: Albert C. Tuijnman, ed., The International Encyclopedia of Adult Education and Training. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Tuijnman, Albert. C. 1990. Recurrent and Alternation Education. In Torsten Husén and T. Neville Postlethwaite, eds. The International Encyclopedia of Education, Supplement II. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Tuijnman, Albert C. 1992. The Expansion of Adult Education and Training in Europe: Trends, Explanations and Challenges. In UIE Reports No. 8: Papers presented at the International Seminar on Adult Education and Work (3-20), 30 November-1 December 1990. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education.
UNESCO, International Commission on Education for the 21st Century (Jacques Delors et al.). 1996. Learning: The Treasure Within. Paris: UNESCO.
Wilson, J. D. 2001, Lifelong Learning in Japan-a Lifeline for a "Maturing" Society? International Journal of Lifelong Education 20: 297-313.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tuijnman, A., Boström, AK. Changing Notions of Lifelong Education and Lifelong Learning. International Review of Education 48, 93–110 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015601909731
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015601909731