Abstract
Panel management, a set of tools and processes for proactively caring for patient populations, has potential to reduce morbidity and improve outcomes between office visits. We examined primary care staff’s self-efficacy in implementing panel management, its correlates, and an intervention’s impact on this self-efficacy. Primary care teams at two Veterans Health Administration (VA) hospitals were assigned to control or intervention conditions. Staff were surveyed at baseline and post-intervention, with a random subset interviewed post-intervention. Panel management self-efficacy was higher among staff participating in the panel management intervention. Self-efficacy was significantly correlated with sufficient training, aspects of team member interaction, and frequency of panel management use. Panel management self-efficacy was modest among primary care staff at two VA hospitals. Team level interventions may improve primary care staff’s confidence in practicing panel management, with this greater confidence related to greater team involvement with, and use of panel management.
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Acknowledgments
The authors wish to acknowledge the Program for Research on Outcomes of VA Education research staff for their contributions to this paper. The Program for Research on Outcomes of VA Education study was supported by a grant from the Veterans Health Administration Health Services Research & Development Service (EDU 08–428).
Conflict of interest
Shiela M. Strauss, Ashley E. Jensen, Katelyn Bennett, Nicole Skursky, Scott E. Sherman, and Mark D.Schwartz declare that they have no conflict of interest. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Adherence to ethical standards
The VA New York Harbor’s Institutional Review Board and Research and Development Committee approved the study. Informed consent for surveys and interviews was obtained from all participants, with additional consent obtained for audio recording. All study procedures, including the informed consent process, were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible VA Institutional Review Board, national policies and the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000.
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Implications
Practice: Team-based interventions can enhance clinicians’ confidence in implementing panel management for their patient populations.
Policy: To be successful, structural changes, such as the shift to Patient-Centered Medical Home models and the introduction of electronic health records systems, need to be accompanied by efforts to address barriers and deficiencies in clinician self-efficacy in adopting panel management.
Research: Further investigation is needed to (1) determine the comparative effectiveness of incorporating non-clinician panel managers into primary care teams versus supporting teams to implement strategies themselves, and (2) examine the relationships between clinician panel management self-efficacy, implementation, and patient outcomes.
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Strauss, S.M., Jensen, A.E., Bennett, K. et al. Clinicians’ panel management self-efficacy to support their patients’ smoking cessation and hypertension control needs. Behav. Med. Pract. Policy Res. 5, 68–76 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-014-0287-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-014-0287-7