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Response of phytoplankton community to different water types in the western Arctic Ocean surface water based on pigment analysis in summer 2008

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Abstract

Nutrients and photosynthesis pigments were investigated in the western Arctic Ocean during the 3rd Chinese Arctic Research Expedition Cruise in summer 2008. The study area was divided into five provinces using the Kmeans clustering method based on the physical and chemical characteristics of the sea water, and to discuss the distribution of the phytoplankton community structure in these provinces. CHEMTAX software was performed using HPLC pigments to estimate the contributions of eight algal classes to the total chlorophyll a (TChl a). The results showed that on the Chukchi Shelf, the Pacific Ocean inflow mainly controlled the Chl a biomass and phytoplankton communities by nutrient concentrations. The high nutrient Anadyr Water and Bering Shelf Water (AnW and BSW) controlled region have high Chl a levels and the diatom dominated community structure. In contrast, in the region occupied by low-nutrient like Alaska Coastal Water (ACW), the Chl a biomass was low, with pico- and nano-phytoplankton as dominated species, such as prasinophytes, chrysophytes and cryptophytes. However, over the off-shelf, the ice cover condition which would affect the physical and nutrient concentrations of the water masses, in consequence had a greater impact on the phytoplankton community structure. Diatom dominated in ice cover region and its contribution to Chl a biomass was up to 75%. In the region close to the Mendeleev Abyssal Plain (MAP), controlled by sea-ice melt water with relatively high salinity (MW-HS), higher nutrient and Chl a concentrations were found and the phytoplankton was dominated by pico- and nano-algae, while the diatom abundance reduced to 33%. In the southern Canada Basin, an ice-free basin (IfB) with the lowest nutrient concentrations and most freshened surface water, low Chl a biomass was a consequence of low nutrients. The ice retreating and a prolonged period of open ocean may not be beneficial to the carbon export efficiency due to reducing the Chl a biomass or intriguing smaller size algae growth.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all crews of the icebreaker R/V Xuelong and the scientists during the 3rd Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE 2008) for the great help in sample collection. We thank Zhao Jinping for providing the CTD data and Zhong Wenli for his comments on water masses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry of SOA, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration (SOA), Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Haiyan Jin, Yanpei Zhuang, Hongliang Li, Jianfang Chen, Shengquan Gao, Zhongqiang Ji & Yang Zhang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Haiyan Jin & Jianfang Chen

  3. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 27568, Germany

    Haiyan Jin

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  1. Haiyan Jin
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Correspondence to Haiyan Jin.

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Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41276198, 41506222 and 41406217; Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Programs under contract Nos Chinare-03-04 and Chinare-04-03; Chinese Polar Science Strategy Research Foundation under contract No. 20120104; the Sino-German Joint Project of "Natural variability of Arctic sea ice and its significance for global climate change and organic carbon cycle"; the Foundation from the China Scholarship Council under contract No. 201404180012.

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Jin, H., Zhuang, Y., Li, H. et al. Response of phytoplankton community to different water types in the western Arctic Ocean surface water based on pigment analysis in summer 2008. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 36, 109–121 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-017-1033-z

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