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Modular development of an inline monitoring system for waterborne pathogens in raw and drinking water

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Abstract

The state-of-the-art monitoring of drinking water hygiene is based on the cultivation and enumeration of indicator bacteria. Despite its proven reliability, this approach has the disadvantages of being (a) relatively slow and (b) limited to a small number of indicator bacteria. Ideally, alternative methods would be less time-consuming while providing information about a larger set of hygienically relevant microorganisms including viruses. In this paper, we present insights into the design of a modular concentration and detection system for bacteria, bacteriophages and viruses. Following further validation, this or similar techniques have the potential to extend and speed up the monitoring of raw and drinking water hygiene in the future. The system consists of different modules for the concentration of microorganisms, an amplification and detection unit that includes a module for the differentiation between live and dead microorganisms, and an automated system for decision support and self-diagnosis. The ongoing testing under controlled laboratory conditions and real-life conditions in the water supply industry yields further system improvements. Moreover, the increased sensitivity and broader range of microbiological parameters emphasize the need for a reconsideration of the currently used criteria for the assessment of (drinking) water hygiene.

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Acknowledgements

The results presented in this paper are based on the research and development project “Development and Implementation of a Concentration and Detection System for the Inline Monitoring of Waterborne Pathogens in Raw and Drinking Water (EDIT)” which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; Grant No. 033W010A-C, E-J) in the framework of the funding program “Smart and Multifunctional Infrastructural Systems for Sustainable Water Supply, Sanitation and Stormwater Management (INIS)” and the FONA (Research for Sustainable Development) initiative. We acknowledge the support provided by the Project Administration Jülich (PTJ) and the INIS networking project. The authors are grateful for the very constructive feedback of the reviewers that has helped to improve the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Magdeburg, Germany

    Daniel Karthe

  2. Department of Geography, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany

    Daniel Karthe

  3. Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

    Ole Behrmann, Matthias Hügle, Matthias Spoo, Gerald Urban & Gregory Dame

  4. R-Biopharm AG, Darmstadt, Germany

    Verena Blättel & Silvia Vosseler

  5. Institute of Hydrochemistry and Chemical Balneology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

    Dennis Elsässer, Andreas Kunze, Reinhard Niessner & Michael Seidel

  6. GWK Präzisionstechnik GmbH, Munich, Germany

    Christian Heese

  7. Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany

    Frank Hufert & Gregory Dame

  8. DVGW Technologiezentrum Wassser (TZW), Karlsruhe, Germany

    Johannes Ho & Andreas Tiehm

  9. Fraunhofer IOSB Application Center for Systems Technology, Ilmenau, Germany

    Buren Scharaw & Thomas Westerhoff

Authors
  1. Daniel Karthe
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  2. Ole Behrmann
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  3. Verena Blättel
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  4. Dennis Elsässer
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  5. Christian Heese
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  6. Matthias Hügle
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  7. Frank Hufert
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  8. Andreas Kunze
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  9. Reinhard Niessner
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  10. Johannes Ho
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  11. Buren Scharaw
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  12. Matthias Spoo
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  13. Andreas Tiehm
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  14. Gerald Urban
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  15. Silvia Vosseler
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  16. Thomas Westerhoff
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  17. Gregory Dame
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  18. Michael Seidel
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Daniel Karthe, Gregory Dame or Michael Seidel.

Additional information

This article is part of a Topical Collection in Environmental Earth Sciences on “Water in Germany,” guest-edited by Daniel Karthe, Peter Chifflard, Bernd Cyffka, Lucas Menzel, Heribert Nacken, Uta Raeder, Mario Sommerhaüser and Markus Weiler.

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Karthe, D., Behrmann, O., Blättel, V. et al. Modular development of an inline monitoring system for waterborne pathogens in raw and drinking water. Environ Earth Sci 75, 1481 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-6287-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-6287-9

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