Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Isolation, Identification and Screening of Potential Probiotic Bacteria in Milk from South African Saanen Goats

  • Published:
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate lactic acid bacteria isolates from Saanen goats’ milk for probiotic attributes, thereby determining their potential as direct-fed microbials for goats. Isolates were identified using API 50CH system, 16S rDNA sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. All 17 isolates obtained were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum except one identified as Pediococcus acidilactici. Four isolates identified as L. plantarum (Accession numbers KJ026587.1, KM207826.1, KC83663.1 and KJ958428.1) by at least two of the techniques used and isolate 17 differently identified by all the methods used were selected as representatives and then screened for probiotic properties. These isolates displayed phenotypic probiotic attributes including tolerance to acid and bile salts, ability to adhere to intestines and possession of antagonistic activities against Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The lactic acid bacteria isolated from Saanen goats’ milk showed potential to be used as sustainable probiotics in goats’ industry. Successful use of probiotics in animals depends upon availability of appropriate isolates originating from the specific host animal. This study is a positive contribution towards identification of isolates with potential for formulation as direct-fed microbials for South African Saanen goats.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Anadon A, Rosa Martinez-Larranaga MP, Martinez MA (2006) Probiotics for animal nutrition in the European Union. Regulation and safety assessment. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 45:91–95

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Awan J, Rahman SU (2005) Microbiology manual. Unitech Communications, Faisalabad, pp. 49–51

    Google Scholar 

  3. Aymerich T, Martin B, Garriga M, Vidal-Carou MC, Bover-Cid S, Hugas M (2006) Safety properties and molecular strain typing of lactic acid bacteria from slightly fermented sausages. J Appl Microbiol 100:40–49

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Badis A, Guetarni D, Moussa Boudjema B, Henni DE, Kihal M (2004) Identification and technological properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from raw goat milk of four Algerian races. Food Microbiol 21:579–588

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bergonier D, Cremoux R, Rupp R (2003) Mastitis in dairy small ruminants. J. Vet Res 34:689–716

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Brink M, Todorov SD, Martin JH, Senekal M, Dicks LMT (2006) The effect of prebiotics on production of antimicrobial compounds, resistance to growth at low pH and in the presence of bile, and adhesion of probiotic cells to intestinal mucus. J Appl Microbiol 100:813–820

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Boonaert CJP, Rouxhet PG (2000) Surface of lactic acid bacteria: relationships between chemical composition and physicochemical properties. J Appl Environ Microbiol 66:2548–2554

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Charteris WP, Kelly PM, Morelli L, Collins JK (1998) Antibiotic susceptibility of potential probiotic Lactobacillus species. J Food Prot 61(12):1636–1643

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Charteris WP, Kelly PM, Morelli L, Collins JK (1997) Selective detection, enumeration and identification of potentially probiotic Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species in mixed bacterial populations. Int J Food Microbiol 35(1):1–27

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Corzo G, Gilliland SE (1999) Measurement of bile salt hydrolase activity from Lactobacillus acidophilus based on disappearance of conjugated of bile salts. J Dairy Sci 82:466–471

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. D’ Aimmo MR, Modesta M, Biavati B (2007) Antibiotic resistance of lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium sp. isolated from dairy and pharmaceutical products. Int J Food Microbiol 115:35–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. de Almeida Júnior WLG, da Silva FῚ, de Souza JV, da Silva CDA, da Costa MM, Dias FS (2015) Characterization and evaluation of lactic acid bacteria isolated from goat milk. Food Control 53:96–103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Duary RK, Rajput YS, Batish VK, Grover S (2011) Assessing the adhesion of putative indigenous probiotic lactobacilli to human colonic epithelial cells. India. J Med Res 134(5):664–671

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Dunne C, O’ Mahony L, Murphy L, Thornton G, Morrissey D (2001) In vitro selection criteria for probiotic bacteria of human origin: correlation with in vitro findings. Am J Clin Nutr 73:386–392

    Google Scholar 

  15. EL-zubeir IEM, Ahmed MI (2007) The hygienic quality of raw milk produced by some dairy farms in Khartoum-Sudan. J Microbiol 2:988–991

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gaggìa F, Mattarelli P, Biavati B (2010) Probiotics and prebiotics in animal feeding for safe food production. Int J Food Microbiol 141:15–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Gupta PK, Mital BK, Garg SK (1996) Characterization of Lactobacillus acidophilus strains for use as dietary adjunct. Int J Food Microbiol 29:105–109

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hamon E, Horvatovich P, Izquierdo E, Bringel F, Marchionil E (2011) Comparative proteomic analysis of Lactobacillus plantarum for the identification of key proteins in bile tolerance. BMC Microbiol 11:63–69

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Harrigan WF, McCance ME (1976) Laboratory methods. In: Harrigan WF, McCance ME (eds) International food dairy microbiology. Academic Press, New York, pp. 12–15

    Google Scholar 

  20. Hemant C, Harshada J (2015) Antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus isolates from cow milk on selected pathogenic bacteria. Res J Recent Sci 4:173–176

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, Gibson GR, Merenstein DJ, Pot B, Morelli L, Canani RB, Flint HJ, Salminen S, Calder PC, Sanders ME (2014) Expert consensus document. The international scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 11:506–514

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Holland RE (1990) Some infectious causes of diarrhoea in young farm animals. Clin Microbiol Rev 3(4):345–375

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Lankaputhra WE, Shah NP (1995) Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. in the presence of acid and bile salts. Cult Dairy Prod J 30:2–7

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Liu Z, Jiang Z, Zhou K, Li P, Liu G, Zhang B (2007) Screening of bifidobacteria with acquired tolerance to human gastrointestinal tract. Anaerobe 13:215–219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Liu C, Zhang Z, Dong K, Yuan J, Guo X (2009) Antibiotic resistance of probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from marketed foods and drugs. J Biomedical. Environ Sci 22:401–412

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Marroki A, Zuniga M, Kihal M, Perez-Martinez (2011) Characterization of Lactobacillus from Algerian goat’s milk based on phenotypic, 16S rDNA sequencing and their technological properties. Braz J Microbiol 42:158–171

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. McEwen SA, Fedorka-Cray PJ (2002) Antimicrobial use and resistance in animals. Clin Infect Dis 34(3):93–106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Mohankuman A, Murugalatha N (2011) Characterization and antibacterial activity of bacteriocin producing Lactobacillus isolated from raw cattle milk sample. Int J Biol 3(3):128–143

    Google Scholar 

  29. Muller T (1990) Comparison of methods of differentiation between homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria. Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie 15(5):363–366

    Google Scholar 

  30. Nair AS, Dubhashi AV (2016) In-vitro transit tolerance of probiotic Bacillus species in human gastrointestinal tract. IJSR 5(6):1899–1902

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Perin LM, Nero LA (2014) Antagonistic lactic acid bacteria isolated from goat milk and identification of a novel nisin variant Lactococcus lactis. BMC Microbiol 14:36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Picon A, Garde S, Ávila M, Nunez M (2016) Microbiota dynamics and lactic acid bacteria biodiversity in raw goat milk cheeses. Int Dairy J 58:14–22

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Prasad J, Gill H, Smart J, Gopal PK (1998) Selection and characterization of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains for use as probiotic. Int Dairy J 8:993–1002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Randazzo CL, Restuccia C, Romano AD, Caggia C (2004) Lactobacillus casei, dominant species in naturally fermented Sicilian green olives. Int J Food Microbiol 90:9–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Saarela M, Mättö J, Mattila-Sandholm T (2002) Safety aspects of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species originating from human orogastrointestinal tract or from probiotic products. Microb Ecol Health Dis J 14:233–240

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Shareef AM, Al-Dabbagh ASA (2009) Effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance of broiler chicks. Iraqi. J Vet Sci 2(1):23–29

    Google Scholar 

  37. Sharma P, Tomar SK, Goswami P, Sangwan V, Singh R (2014) Antibiotic resistance among commercially available probiotics. Food Res Int 57:176–195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Sharpe ME (1979) Identification of the lactic acid bacteria. In: Skinner FA, Lovelock DW (eds) Identification methods for microbiologists. Academic Press, London, pp. 233–259

    Google Scholar 

  39. South Africa (2001) Regulations relating to milk and dairy products (update), Government Notice No. R489 of 8 June (2001). Department of Health. Government Printer, Pretoria, pp. 1–19

    Google Scholar 

  40. Teheri H, Tabandeh F, Moravej H, Zaghari M, Shivazad M, Shariati P (2009) Potential probiotic of Lactobacillus johnsonii LT171 for chicken nutrition. African J Biotech 8:5833–5837

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Tormo H, Lekhal DAH, Roques C (2015) Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from raw goat milk and effect of farming practices on the dominant species of lactic acid bacteria. Int J Food Microbiol 210:9–15

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Tuomola EM, Salminen SJ (1998) Adhesion of some probiotic and dairy Lactobacillus strains to Caco-2 cell cultures. Int J of. Food Microbiol 41:45–51

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Verdenilli MC, Ghelf F, Silvi S, Orpianesi C, Cecchini C, Cresci A (2009) Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus paracasei isolated from human faeces. Eur. J Nutri 48:355–363

    Google Scholar 

  44. Van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ (2001) Electrophoretic mobility distributions of single strain microbial populations. J Appl Environ Microbiol 67:491–494

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Vlková E, Grmanová M, Rada V, Homutavá I, Dubná S (2009) Selection of probiotic bifidobacteria for lambs. Czech. J Animal Sci 54:552–565

    Google Scholar 

  46. Walker D, Gilliland SE (1993) Relationships among bile tolerance, bile salt deconjugation and assimilation of cholesterol by Lactobacillus acidophilus. J Dairy Sci 76:956–961

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the Agricultural Research Council, Irene, South Africa.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, New Agricultural Sciences building, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa

    Goitsemang Makete & Mapitsi S. Thantsha

  2. Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production Institute, Gastrointestinal Microbiology and Biotechnology Division, Irene, 0062, South Africa

    Goitsemang Makete & Olayinka A. Aiyegoro

Authors
  1. Goitsemang Makete
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Olayinka A. Aiyegoro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mapitsi S. Thantsha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Goitsemang Makete.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Makete, G., Aiyegoro, O.A. & Thantsha, M.S. Isolation, Identification and Screening of Potential Probiotic Bacteria in Milk from South African Saanen Goats. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 9, 246–254 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-016-9247-5

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-016-9247-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation