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Controlled Enzymatic Hydrolysis: A New Strategy for the Discovery of Antimicrobial Peptides

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Abstract

The use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is an alternative to traditional antibiotics. AMPs are obtained using different methods such as bacterial synthesis, chemical synthesis and controlled enzymatic hydrolysis. The later is an interesting approach that deserves our attention because of the yields gathered and peptides engineered. Usually, activities of AMPs obtained in such a way are tightly dependent on the hydrolysis mechanism used. This paper deals with the hydrolysis of hemoglobin mechanism as a potential source of AMPs. Production of AMPs from hemoglobin using enzymatic controlled system is linked to hemoglobin structure. Further, we show that bovine hemoglobin, which is sensitive to peptic hydrolysis, results upon enzymatic digestion as a great source of AMPs. The hemoglobin in native and denatured states was hydrolyzed by “one-by-one” and “zipper” mechanisms, respectively. Nevertheless, a new mechanism named “semi-zipper” mechanism is obtained when protein is in molten globule structural state, constituting an original strategy for AMPs production. Seventy seven percentage of the peptides obtained by this new strategy showed antibacterial activity against nine strains.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Christine Vanuxem from University of Lille I for assisting in the review of this manuscript and Dr. Gilbert Briand “Laboratoire d’Application de Spectrométrie de Masse, Service Commun de Physicochimie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques Lille II, France” for analysis of peptide sequences. Estelle Yaba Adjé has a fellowship from Ivorian government.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Procédés Biologiques, Génie Enzymatique et Microbien (ProBioGEM), UPRES-EA 1026, Polytech’Lille/IUT «A», Université Lille I Sciences et Technologies, BP 179, 59655, Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France

    Estelle Yaba Adje, Rafik Balti, Didier Lecouturier, Pascal Dhulster, Didier Guillochon & Naïma Nedjar-Arroume

  2. Laboratoire d’Application de Spectrométrie de Masse (LASM), Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Lille II Droit et Santé, Service Commun de Physicochimie, BP 83, 59006, Lille Cedex, France

    Mostafa Kouach

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  1. Estelle Yaba Adje
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  2. Rafik Balti
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Correspondence to Rafik Balti.

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Adje, E.Y., Balti, R., Lecouturier, D. et al. Controlled Enzymatic Hydrolysis: A New Strategy for the Discovery of Antimicrobial Peptides. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 5, 176–186 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-013-9138-y

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