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Species diversity of the marine diatom genus Skeletonema in Japanese brackish water areas

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Abstract

The genus Skeletonema includes phytoplankton species that are important primary producers in marine food chains. Brackish waters have been reported to be one of the important habitats of some species of Skeletonema. To elucidate the species diversity of Skeletonema in brackish waters, we investigated three Japanese brackish bodies of water: the coastal waters of Toyama Bay, a tidal area of the Chikugo River, and a constructed reservoir in Isahaya Bay. We used molecular analysis based on large subunit rDNA and fine morphological structure to identify species. Skeletonema costatum s.s. (sensu stricto) was isolated at salinities as low as 0.6, but Skeletonema dohrnii, Skeletonema subsalsum, and Skeletonema tropicum were not found at salinities below 11.0. S. costatum s.s. could survive transfer from a medium with a salinity of 15 to a salinity of 2, but S. dohrnii did not survive in the same experiment. Only S. costatum s.s. germinated from the sediment of a reservoir in which the salinity was 0.1–1.4; incubation conditions included temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C and salinities of 5 and 30. Skeletonema costatum s.s. was identified as the species most adaptable to low-level salinity variations throughout its lifecycle.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Yukie Baba for her useful assistance with the experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women’s University, Kasumigaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 813-8529, Japan

    Machiko Yamada, Mayuko Otsubo & Yuki Tsutsumi

  2. Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan

    Chiaki Mizota

  3. Fisheries Research Institute, Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center, Takatsuka, Namekawa, Toyama, 936-8536, Japan

    Naoki Iida

  4. Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, Tairamachi, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 851-2213, Japan

    Kazuma Okamura

  5. National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan

    Masashi Kodama

  6. Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Tsukide, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan

    Akira Umehara

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  1. Machiko Yamada
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Correspondence to Machiko Yamada.

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Yamada, M., Otsubo, M., Tsutsumi, Y. et al. Species diversity of the marine diatom genus Skeletonema in Japanese brackish water areas. Fish Sci 79, 923–934 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-013-0671-0

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