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Clinical and Preclinical Use of LOX-1-Specific Antibodies in Diagnostics and Therapeutics

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Abstract

Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (SR-E1, LOX-1, OLR1) was first discovered as a vascular receptor for modified lipoprotein particles nearly 20 years ago. Since then, in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated an association between LOX-1, a soluble form (sLOX-1) and a number of diseases including atherosclerosis, arthritis, hypertension and pre-eclampsia. However, converting such discoveries into tools and drugs for routine clinical use is dependent on translational preclinical and clinical studies but such studies have only begun to emerge in the past decade. In this review, we identify the key clinical applications and corresponding criteria that need to be addressed for the effective use of LOX-1-related probes and molecules for patient benefit in different disease states.

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Abbreviations

(ox)LDL:

(Oxidized) low-density lipoprotein

LOX-1, OLR1:

Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1

TNF-α:

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha

TGFβ:

Transforming growth factor beta

ACS:

Acute coronary syndrome

ApoE:

Apolipoprotein E

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells

MCP1:

Monocyte chemotactic protein 1

HIE:

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Trust (J.D.S.) and a PhD scholarship from the Brunei government (I.A.Z.).

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No human studies were carried out by the authors for this article. No animal studies were carried out by the authors for this article.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    Jonathan De Siqueira, Izma Abdul Zani, Sreenivasan Ponnambalam & Shervanthi Homer-Vanniasinkam

  2. Leeds Vascular Institute, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK

    Jonathan De Siqueira, David A. Russell & Shervanthi Homer-Vanniasinkam

  3. Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    David A. Russell & Stephen B. Wheatcroft

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  1. Jonathan De Siqueira
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  2. Izma Abdul Zani
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Correspondence to Jonathan De Siqueira.

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Associate Editor Enrique Lara-Pezzi oversaw the review of this article

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De Siqueira, J., Abdul Zani, I., Russell, D.A. et al. Clinical and Preclinical Use of LOX-1-Specific Antibodies in Diagnostics and Therapeutics. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 8, 458–465 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-015-9655-z

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