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LOX-1 and Immunity

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C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity

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Abstract

An interesting C-type lectin-like receptor is LOX-1. LOX-1 is a membrane glycoprotein with a cytoplasmic domain, a transmembrane domain, and an oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-binding extracellular lectin-like domain. LOX-1 is involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. The LOX-1 receptor is able to mediate the uptake of minimally and maximally oxidized LDL. In addition, LOX-1 plays a role in the phagocytosis of aged and apoptotic cells, the uptake of advanced glycation end products, thrombocyte adhesion, and the interaction between bacterial proteins and endothelial cells in sepsis. It is considered as a therapeutic target in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Recently, LOX-1 has been described in response to different danger signals, rheumatic diseases, preeclampsia, and bone diseases. This review focuses on the increasing evidence supporting a novel role of LOX-1 in immunity. LOX-1 and other pattern recognition receptors are expressed on the surface of myeloid cells like macrophages, dendritic cells, or neutrophils. They have an important role in the immediate innate immune response and also in the regulation of the adaptive immune response.

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Acknowledgement

This study has been supported by the European Section of the Aldosterone Council (ESAC) Deutschland (aldosterone, LOX-1, and adipose tissue to AH, HM), the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung (2010_A105 to HM), the Doktor Robert Pfleger Foundation, Bamberg, Germany (adiposity and endothelial function; LOX-1, aldosterone, mineralocorticoid receptors, and vascular function to HM), the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (Professorship of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation to HM), and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (MO 1695/4-1, MO 1695/5-1, Excellence Initiative by the German Federal and State Governments (Institutional Strategy, measure “support the best” to HM).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany

    Anja Hofmann & Henning Morawietz Ph.D., F.A.H.A.

  2. Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan

    Tatsuya Sawamura

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  1. Anja Hofmann
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  2. Tatsuya Sawamura
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  3. Henning Morawietz Ph.D., F.A.H.A.
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Correspondence to Henning Morawietz Ph.D., F.A.H.A. .

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  1. Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Sho Yamasaki

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Hofmann, A., Sawamura, T., Morawietz, H. (2016). LOX-1 and Immunity. In: Yamasaki, S. (eds) C-Type Lectin Receptors in Immunity. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56015-9_10

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